钛合金摩擦磨损性能及减磨方法研究进展  

Research Progress on Friction and Wear Properties of Titanium Alloys and Wear Reduction Methods

作　　者：刘雨薇[1] 吴霞 陈纪云 靳爽 李淳 孙园植 LIU Yuwei;WU Xia;CHEN Jiyun;JIN Shuang;LI Chun;SUN Yuanzhi(School of Mechanical Electronic&Information Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)机电与信息工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第12期1-21,共21页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52105232);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2022YQJD04)。

摘　　要：钛合金具有比强度高、抗腐蚀性强、耐高温以及生物相容性好等优点,在汽车制造、生物医疗等众多领域具有重要应用。但钛合金的摩擦磨损性能较差,会影响机械系统的使用寿命和可靠性。首先论述了摩擦磨损过程中摩擦层的形成过程以及摩擦层对钛合金磨损机理的作用,分析了润滑条件、环境温度、滑动速度、载荷等工况条件对钛合金摩擦磨损性能的影响规律。其次,对比总结了钛合金减磨的常见工艺方法及优缺点,指出了当前钛合金磨损机理研究和性能改善方面存在的问题。最后,对今后的研究工作进行了展望:将实验与仿真相结合,阐明钛合金摩擦层和磨损机理的动态变化规律;考虑各种环境因素对钛合金磨损机理的影响,完善钛合金磨损机制图;通过对多种技术协同配合时的工艺参数进行优化,促进钛合金表面强化复合技术的发展,从而提升钛合金的耐磨减摩性能。Titanium alloys offer numerous advantages,such as high specific strength,robust corrosion resistance,excellent temperature resistance,and favorable biocompatibility.Consequently,they have significant applications in aerospace,automobile manufacturing,biomedicine,and other fields.However,the poor friction and wear properties of titanium alloys can adversely affect the service life and reliability of mechanical systems.The work aims to explore the formation and role of friction layers in titanium alloys during friction and wear,as well as their effect on the wear mechanism of titanium alloys.The effects of wear debris and friction oxides were discussed separately,considering the composition of the friction layer.Wear debris represented the initial state of the friction layer,while friction oxide served as an important indicator of the protective effect of the friction layer.The size of the wear debris and the content of friction oxide significantly affected the friction layer.Additionally,the effects of ambient temperature,sliding speed,and load on the friction and wear properties of titanium alloys were analyzed.By considering the friction coefficient,wear rate,and wear pattern,the mechanism through which external factors affected titanium alloys was comprehensively examined.The sliding speed primarily affected the generation of the friction layer.When the sliding speed was low,the friction layer formed on the titanium alloy surface was a mechanical layer with no protective effect.Under such conditions,the main wear mechanisms of titanium alloys were abrasive wear and adhesive wear.Conversely,at high sliding speed,the frictional heat softened both the surface layer of the substrate and the opposing grinding material,resulting in a reduction in the friction coefficient and the formation of a protective oxide friction layer.Oxidative wear became the main wear mechanism of titanium alloys in this case.The load mainly affected the degree of plastic deformation of the matrix.Under low load conditions,the plastic deform

关 键 词：钛合金 摩擦层 磨屑 摩擦氧化物 摩擦磨损机理 耐磨减摩 表面处理 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]