不同密度和施氮量对‘保大麦25号’鲜草和籽粒产量的影响  

Effects of Different Densities and Nitrogen Amounts on Fresh Grass and Grain Yield of‘Baodamai 25’

作　　者：赵加涛[1] 刘猛道[1] 郭勉艳 付正波[1] ZHAO Jiatao;LIU Mengdao;GUO Mianyan;FU Zhengbo(Baoshan Institution of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000;Tengchong No.1 Vocational Senior High School,Tengchong,Yunnan 679100)

机构地区：[1]保山市农业科学研究所,云南保山678000 [2]腾冲市第一职业高级中学,云南腾冲679100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第13期13-17,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省科技厅“云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目”(202105AD160044);云南省科技厅云南省重大科技专项“绿色高效专用麦类新品种选育及生产关键技术研发”(202102AE090014-3);农业农村部国家大麦青稞产业技术体系“保山综合试验站”项目(CARS-05-11B)。

摘　　要：探索不同用途的‘保大麦25号’最佳播种密度和氮肥用量,为大面积示范推广提供科学依据。以密度和施氮量为试验因素,分别设3个水平,共9个处理,进行密度和施氮量2因素互作试验。结果表明,鲜草产量随着施氮量和密度的增加而增加;随着密度增加而增加,随着施氮量增加至施尿素525 kg/hm^(2),籽粒产量达最大值后开始下降。以收获鲜草为目的,最适密度为基本苗300万株/hm^(2),最佳施氮量为施尿素675 kg/hm^(2)。以收获籽粒为目的,最适密度为基本苗240万株/hm^(2),最佳施氮为施尿素52 kg/hm^(2)。同一处理间,扣除种子、氮肥成本后,收获鲜草比收获籽粒经济效益高810~4540.8元/hm^(2)。In order to determine the ideal seeding density and nitrogen fertilizer application rate for various purposes of cultivating‘Baodamai 25’,and to provide a solid scientific foundation for widespread demonstrations and promotion,we conducted a two-factor interaction experiment with seeding density and nitrogen application as the variables,each with three levels,resulting in nine different treatments.The findings revealed that as nitrogen application and seeding density increased,fresh grass yield also increased.The grain yield increased with higher seeding density,but it began to decline after reaching the peak nitrogen application rate of 525 kg/hm^(2) of urea.For optimizing fresh grass yield,the most suitable seeding density was found to be 3×106 plants/hm^(2),with the best nitrogen application rate being 675 kg/hm^(2) of urea.For grain harvest,the optimal seeding density was 2.4×106 plants/hm^(2),and the ideal nitrogen application rate was 52 kg/hm^(2) of urea.In the same treatment,after deducting the cost of seeds and nitrogen fertilizer,harvesting fresh grass proved to be more economically beneficial compared to harvesting grain,with a range of additional economic benefits of 810 to 4540.8 yuan/hm^(2).

关 键 词：大麦 氮肥 密度 鲜草产量 籽粒产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]