柑橘引种实验及其在辰山植物园中的功能定位研究  

The Introduction Experiment and Functional Orientation of Citrus Resources in Chenshan Botanical Garden

作　　者：王连军[1] WANG Lianjun(Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602)

机构地区：[1]上海辰山植物园,上海201602

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第13期60-63,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：上海市绿化和市容管理局“上海周边区域地带性群落优势种与生境特征研究”(G202403)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨柑橘在上海地区种植的适应性以及其在植物园体系中的角色。在辰山植物园进行‘满头红’、‘宫川’、‘美国糖橘’、‘马家柚’和‘金桔’5个柑橘品种的引种实验,并对其生长势、耐热性、耐寒性和果实品质等进行观测。通过观察这些柑橘品种的物候期、果实品质、生长速度以及其对极端气候(例如高温和低温)的耐受性,对这些品种的生物学特性进行全面评估。研究发现,这些柑橘品种在上海地区表现出良好的适应性,实验的5种柑橘均在10月上旬开始成熟,具有丰富的果实颜色和风味。在果实大小方面,‘金桔’的平均单果重量最轻(12 g),‘马家柚’的重量最大(850 g)。所有品种的植株生长迅速且健壮,表现出良好的耐水性和耐热性,同时也具有足够的耐寒性。柑橘资源在辰山植物园中具有多重功能,包括增强生物多样性、开展科普采摘活动、提升园艺景观以及进行果树和花卉相关科学研究。实验结果可为柑橘资源在上海地区的引种、种植提供实践依据,并为植物园系统利用柑橘资源提供参考。The aim is to study the introduction performance of citrus varieties in Shanghai area.In this experiment,five pomegranate varieties were introduced,namely‘Mantouhong’citrus,‘Gongchuan’citrus,‘Mihani’citrus,‘Majiayou’citrus,and citrus kumquat.Then,using these five varieties,various biological traits such as phenology and fruit quality of pomegranate,as well as stress resistance such as heat resistance and cold resistance were studied.Five varieties of citrus began to mature in succession in early October,the smallest single fruit weight was 12 g and the largest was 850 g,and the plants grew fast and strong.In addition,these five varieties had good water tolerance and heat resistance.This study is intended to provide a certain reference for the introduction of pomegranate varieties,and also provide a practical basis for the large-scale planting of citrus.Citrus resources has important role in botanical garden,which can enhance plant diversity,carry out popular science picking activities,enhance the gardening landscape,and carry out breeding and other scientific research.

关 键 词：柑橘 植物园 引种实验 功能定位 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]