杏壳木醋液对马铃薯瓢虫的非特异性作用  

Non-Specific Effects of Apricot Shell Wood Vinegar Solution on Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

作　　者：甘杨广 叶乐夫[2] 李振宇 王莉青 池阳 徐臻 付雪[1] GAN Yangguang;YE Lefu;LI Zhenyu;WANG Liqing;CHI Yang;XU Zhen;FU Xue(College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080;College of Plant Protection,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]东北农业大学植物保护学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第13期121-128,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费项目“木醋液对内共生菌介导的桃蚜抗药性的影响机制研究”(2022-KYYWF-1068)。

摘　　要：探究杏壳木醋液对马铃薯瓢虫的生长抑制、拒食活性以及驱避活性影响,明确杏壳木醋液对马铃薯瓢虫的非特异性作用,为马铃薯瓢虫绿色防控和木醋液的害虫防治应用提供理论依据。用杏壳木醋液不同浓度处理的龙葵叶片喂食马铃薯瓢虫,测定不同浓度处理在各时间段4龄幼虫的体重增长量、成虫和幼虫的非选择性和选择性取食量以及行为选择情况,并分析不同浓度杏壳木醋液对马铃薯瓢虫的增重抑制、拒食活性、驱避活性等影响。结果表明,4龄幼虫的体重增加、成虫和幼虫的非选择性和选择性取食量以及行为选择均显著受到杏壳木醋液的影响,其中杏壳木醋液在48 h时4龄幼虫体重增长抑制率最高达到83%;4龄幼虫和成虫的最高非选择性拒食率分别为92%和82%;最高选择性拒食率分别为87%和78%;马铃薯瓢虫幼虫和成虫在四臂嗅觉仪中均表现出了极显著的驱避作用,幼虫的最高驱避指数为0.67,成虫为0.95。杏壳木醋液对马铃薯瓢虫有显著的增重抑制、拒食活性和驱避活性,杏壳木醋液浓度对马铃薯瓢虫还有显著的非特异性作用。To investigate the growth inhibition,anti-feeding and repellent activity of apricot shell wood vinegar on the Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata,to clarify the non-specific effect of apricot shell wood vinegar on the Mots,and to provide a theoretical basis for the application of the Mots’green prevention and control and the application of wood vinegar for pest control.The Mots were fed with leaves of Solanum nigrum treated with different concentrations of apricot shell wood vinegar solution,and the body weight gain of 4th instar larvae,non-selective anti-feeding and selective anti-feeding of adults and larvae as well as behavioral choices of different concentrations of apricot shell wood vinegar solution were measured in each period,and the effects of different concentrations of apricot shell wood vinegar solution on the weight gain inhibition,anti-feeding and repellency were analyzed,respectively.The results showed that,the weight gain of 4th instar larvae,nonselective anti-feeding and selective anti-feeding of adults and larvae,and behavioral choice were all significantly affected by apricot shell wood vinegar solution,among which the weight gain inhibition of 4th instar larvae by apricot shell wood vinegar solution reached 83%at 48 h.The highest non-selective anti-feeding rates were 92%and 82%for 4th instar larvae and adults,respectively;the highest selective anti-feeding rates were 87%and 78%for 4th instar larvae and adults,respectively;the Mots larvae and adults in the fourquadrant olfactometer showed highly significant repellent effect,with the highest repellent index of 0.67 for larvae and 0.95 for adults.It’s shown that apricot shell wood vinegar had significant weight gain inhibition,anti-feeding and repellent activity on the Mots.The concentration of apricot shell wood vinegar also had significant non-specific effects on the Mots.

关 键 词：马铃薯瓢虫 木醋液 生长抑制 拒食作用 驱避作用 四臂嗅觉仪 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]