论地方立法与上位法“不抵触”原则  

On the Principle of “Non-Confliction” Between Local Legislation and the Superior Law

作　　者：罗培新 Luo Peixin

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际金融法律学院

出　　处：《法学》2024年第6期3-16,共14页Law Science

摘　　要：在法制统一的原则下,地方立法备案审查须从价值判断与技术理性两个维度进行。价值判断指向立法的目的良善,技术理性强调地方立法在与上位法不抵触的情况下,以最合理的路径实现立法目的。“不抵触”的内涵不是地方立法条文与上位法完全保持一致,而是法权、法意与法理不抵触。充分发挥地方立法实施性、补充性和探索性功能,要求立法审查部门基于“合目的性”将上位法依据理解为既包括条文依据又包括法理依据,避免陷于审查僵化。探索建立基于立法领域的差异化审查机制,给予新兴领域立法更大的容错空间,区分地方立法的民事效力性规范与行政管理性规范,避免将影响民事权利的规范视同为民事效力性规范,从而认定地方立法抵触了民事基本制度。Under the principle of unified rule of law,the review on the filing of local legislation shall be conducted from two perspectives,of which are value judgment and technical rationality.Value judgment points to the good purpose of legislation,while technical rationality emphasizes that local legislation should achieve legislative objectives through the most reasonable path,provided that it does not conflict with superior laws.The principle of non-conflict does not mean that local legislative provisions are completely consistent with superior laws,but rather that legislative power,intention and jurisprudence are not in conflict with super laws.We should give full play to the practical,supplementary,and exploratory functions of local legislation,and the legislative review departments should take the superior laws as including both provisions and jurisprudence,with the purposiveness in mind,to avoid being trapped in rigid review.We should explore the establishment of a differentiated review mechanism based on the legislative field,providing greater tolerance for legislation in emerging fields,distinguishing between civil effectiveness norms and administrative management norms of local legislation,avoiding treating norms that affect civil rights as civil effectiveness norms,and thus determining that local legislation violates the basic civil system.

关 键 词：地方立法备案审查 不抵触原则 技术理性 合目的性 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]