急诊创伤患者TEG最大振幅降低的影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of the TEG maximum amplitude reduction in emergency trauma patients

作　　者：姬长甫 赖冬 田艳 赖飞 林姝婷 龙敏 李方圆 连芳玲 JI Changfu;LAI Dong;TIAN Yan;LAI Fei;LIN Shuting;LONG Min;LI Fangyuan;LIAN Fangling(Department of Blood Transfusion,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门医学院附属第二医院输血科,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2024年第6期638-642,共5页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：厦门市医疗卫生指导性项目(3502Z20209166)。

摘　　要：目的通过监测急诊创伤患者的凝血相关指标的变化,探究血栓弹力图(TEG)最大振幅(MA)异常降低的影响因素及其对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析2020年9月—2023年9月本院收治的319例创伤患者,观察入院后0 h和24 h的各项凝血相关指标。依据MA结果分为MA正常组(>50 mm)和MA降低组(≤50 mm),比较2组患者血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板计数(Plt)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)、凝血酶时间(TT)、D-二聚体(D-D)、凝血反应时间(R)、血块形成动力学(Angle)、30 min血块溶解率(Ly30)、MA、凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物(TAT)、纤溶酶-α2纤溶酶抑制物复合物(PIC)的结果;并对319例创伤患者MA与纤溶相关指标的相关性进行分析。根据是否使用氨甲环酸(TXA)再将MA降低组分为TXA组和未用药组,比较2组患者以上各凝血相关指标变化率的差异,以及死亡率和血制品用量的改变。结果与MA正常组比较,MA降低组Hb、Plt、Fib、舒张压和GCS评分明显下降,心率、ISS评分和死亡率升高(P<0.05)。MA降低组的R、PT和TT都延长(P<0.05),PIC和D-D升高(P<0.05)。相关性分析发现MA与Ly30、TAT和APTT无相关性,与Angle(r=0.803)、Plt(r=0.544)、FIB(r=0.581)、PIC(r=-0.443)和D-D(r=-0.343)有相关性。与未用药组比较,TXA组的Angle、MA和Fib变化率升高(P<0.05),而PIC的变化率下降(P<0.05);TXA组冷沉淀和血小板输注量降低(P<0.05),红细胞输注有降低的趋势,但差异不明显(P>0.05);TXA组死亡率降低(P<0.05)。结论急诊创伤患者出现MA值异常降低时,纤溶亢进可能是其异常下降的重要因素,使用TXA治疗可改善其对MA的影响,并减少血液制品输注,降低患者死亡率。Objective To investigate the causes of abnormal decrease in maximum amplitude(MA)of thromboelastography(TEG)and its effect on prognosis by monitoring the changes of coagulation-related indexes in emergency trauma patients.Methods A total of 319 cases of trauma patients admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and the coagulation-related indexes of 0 h and 24 h after admission were observed.According to the MA results,they were divided into normal MA group(>50 mm)and reduced MA group(≤50 mm)to compare the hemoglobin(Hb),platelets count(Plt),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT),fibrinogen(Fib),thrombin time(TT),D-dimer(D-D),coagulation reaction time(R),clot formation kinetics(Angle),30 min clot dissolution rate(Ly30),MA,thrombine-antithrombin complex(TAT)and plasminase-α2 plasminase inhibitor complex(PIC).The correlation between MA and fibrinolysis indexes in 319 trauma patients was analyzed.According to whether tranexamic acid(TXA)was used,the reduced MA group was divided into a TXA group and a non-drug group.The differences in the change of the above coagulation-related indexes,mortality rate and changes in blood product dosage were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the normal MA group,Hb,Plt,Fib,diastolic blood pressure and GCS scores were decreased,while heart rate,ISS score and mortality increased significantly in the reduced MA group(P<0.05).The R,PT and TT were prolonged significantly(P<0.05),and PIC and D-D increased significantly(P<0.05)in the reduced MA group.Correlation analysis found that MA had no correlation with Ly30,TAT and APTT,but was correlated with Angle(r=0.803),Plt(r=0.544),Fib(r=0.581),PIC(r=-0.443)and D-D(r=-0.343).Compared with the non-drug group,the change of Angle,MA and FIB in the TXA group increased significantly(P<0.05),while the change of PIC decreased(P<0.05).Cryoprecipitate and platelet transfusion in the TXA group reduced significantly(P<0.05),and red blood cell transfusion had a

关 键 词：急性创伤 血小板功能障碍 氨甲环酸 血栓弹力图最大振幅 血栓分子标志物 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R641[医药卫生—临床医学]