利用褐铁矿型红土镍矿烧结矿制备Fe-Cr-Ni合金  

Preparing Fe-Cr-Ni alloy by utilization of limonitic nickel laterite sinter

作　　者：薛钰霄 朱德庆 潘建 游志雄 吕学伟 XUE Yu-xiao;ZHU De-qing;PAN Jian;YOU Zhi-xiong;LYU Xue-wei(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China [2]School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2024年第5期1494-1506,共13页中南大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：Project(51974048) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(CQBX202225) supported by Postdoctoral Innovation Talent Program of Chongqing,China;Project(CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0166) supported by Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China。

摘　　要：我国是不锈钢第一生产大国,但作为冶炼不锈钢主要原料的镍矿及铬铁矿资源贫乏,占红土镍矿资源总量60%以上的褐铁矿型红土镍矿与低品位铬铁矿愈发受到关注。同时,不锈钢冶炼通常需先分别生产铬铁和镍铁,工艺流程长,生产成本高。因此,本文基于烧结—高炉工艺,利用褐铁矿型红土镍矿烧结矿低成本地一步制备出了Fe-Cr-Ni合金。通过热力学分析及熔炼参数的优化,重点研究了不同Cr_(2)O_(3)含量的含镍烧结矿(S1:4.84 wt%;S3:7.72 wt%)的熔炼特性。在熔炼时间60 min(S1)/90 min (S3)、熔炼温度1600℃、焦粉用量20 wt%、炉渣碱度1.0的最佳条件下,成功制备出了铬品位5.6 wt%~9.3 wt%、镍品位1.55 wt%~1.70 wt%、铁品位84 wt%~88 wt%的Fe-Cr-Ni合金,其铬、镍和铁的回收率分别在90%、98%和96%以上。研究表明,含镍烧结矿Cr_(2)O_(3)含量的提高会造成熔炼时间的延长,这不利于焦比的降低与不锈钢产量的提高。在后续研究中,将开发出由含镍烧结矿与含铬球团矿构成的综合炉料结构,以更有效地实现高铬镍铁的冶炼。In this paper,sinter samples of limonitic nickel laterite were adopted for Fe-Cr-Ni alloy preparation at lower costs.Based on the thermodynamics analysis,smelting characteristics of sinter samples of S1(4.84 wt%Cr_(2)O_(3))and S3(7.72 wt%Cr_(2)O_(3))were revealed by the optimization of smelting process parameters.When smelting durations were kept at 60 min and 90 min for S1 and S3 and smelting temperature,coke dosage and slag basicity were maintained at 1600℃,20 wt%and 1.0,respectively,the qualified Fe-Cr-Ni alloys containing 84%-88 wt%Fe,5.6%-9.3 wt%Cr and1.55%-1.70 wt%Ni were prepared with the recovery rates of Fe,Cr and Ni of over 96%,90%and 98%,respectively.Higher Cr_(2)O_(3) content of sinter leads to the prolongation of smelting duration,which is adverse to the reduction of coke ratio and the increase of stainless steel output.The comprehensive furnace burdens including Ni-bearing sinter and Cr-bearing pellets will be developed in the follow-up study for the more efficient preparation of high-Cr ferronickel.

关 键 词：熔炼特性 褐铁矿型红土镍矿烧结矿 FE-CR-NI合金 渣铁分离 

分 类 号：TF644[冶金工程—钢铁冶金] TF764.1