长输管道工程对沿线景观格局及生态环境的影响  

Impact of Long-Distance Pipeline Engineering on the Landscape Pattern and Ecological Environment Along the Route

作　　者：王明珠 王鑫 黄琴 任亦钊 张发会[2] 王广营 WANG Mingzhu;WANG Xin;HUANG Qin;REN Yiz hao;ZHANG Fahui;WANG Guangying(Tongnanba Project Department of Puguang Branch of Zhongyu an Oilfield,Sinopec,Tongjiang 636799,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland,Chengdu 610081,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司中原油田普光分公司通南巴项目部,四川通江636799 [2]四川省林业科学研究院、森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室,四川成都610081

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2024年第2期104-111,共8页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司中原油田普光分公司(通南巴气田马1及马2块产能建设项目,31301845-22-FW0113-0003)。

摘　　要：于2019—2021年,在四川省巴中市通江县基于多期遥感数据,运用GIS技术,Fragstats和AHP-模糊综合评价模型定量评价长输管道工程建设3个时段(修建前、施工期和运营期)的景观动态和脆弱生态环境区。结果表明:(1)研究区土地利用类型分别为耕地、林地、水体与湿地、人造地表4类,其中又以林地和耕地面积占绝对优势。3 a间,4种土地利用类型的面积以耕地和林地变化显著;人造地表、耕地的动态度变化最为明显,林地居中,水体与湿地的动态度变化最稳定。(2)3 a间,研究区景观类型均以林地为主,占比均超过65%;耕地为研究区的第二大景观类型,占比均超过30%;水体与湿地和人造地表景观类型所占面积较小。林地景观和耕地景观占比呈缓慢上升的趋势,人造地表景观的波动幅度最为显著,受人为影响形成了较大的集聚斑块且呈逐年扩大的趋势。(3)从2019—2020年景观尺度水平来看,研究区景观破碎化程度、景观多样性及异质性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,随着施工结束和植被恢复、土地复垦等措施的开展,景观组分趋于恢复至施工前的状态。(4)管道穿越段多为轻度、重度脆弱区,研究区并没有因长输管道的建设明显增加周边生态环境脆弱区面积。From 2019 to 2021,based on multiple remote sensing data,GIS technology,Fragstats,and AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model were used to quantitatively evaluate the landscape dynamics and fragile ecological environment of three periods(pre construction,construction,and operation)of long-distance pipeline construction in Tongjiang County,Bazhong City,Sichuan Province.The results showed the following:①The land use types in the study area were cultivated land,forest land,water body and wetland,and artificial surface,of which the area of forest land and cultivated land was absolutely dominant.From 2019 to 2021,the area change of the four land use types was significant in cultivated land and forest land.The dynamic degree change of artificial surface and cultivated land were the most obvious,the forest land was in the middle,and the dynamic degree change of water body and wetland was the most stable.②From 2019 to 2021,forest land was the main landscape type in the study area,accounting for more than 65%;cultivated land was the second largest landscape type in the study area,accounting for more than 30%;the water body,wetland and artificial surface landscape types occupy a small area.The proportion of forest land landscape and cultivated land landscape shows a slow rising trend,and the fluctuation range of artificial surface landscape was the most significant.Under the influence of human beings,a large cluster patch has been formed and was expanding year by year.③From 2019 to 2020,from the perspective of landscape scale,the degree of landscape fragmentation,landscape diversity and heterogeneity in the study area will rise first and then decline.With the completion of construction and the implementation of vegetation restoration,land reclamation and other measures,the landscape components will tend to restore the state before construction.④Most of the pipeline crossing sections were light and severe vulnerable areas.Due to the construction method and the implementation of ecological and environmental protectio

关 键 词：天然气 能源管线 景观格局 生态环境 

分 类 号：S718.57[农业科学—林学]