天然橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶并用胶辐射交联制备及其耐热空气老化性能  

Preparation of natural rubber(NR)/ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer(EPDM)blends by radiation crosslinking and its heat resistance to air aging

作　　者：石勇 程安仁[2] 代培 矫阳[2] 陆永俊[2] 郭月莹[2] SHI Yong;CHENG Anren;DAI Pei;JIAO Yang;LU Yongjun;GUO Yueying(7th Military Representative Office of Naval Armament Department in Beijing Region,Beijing 100071,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Radiation Advanced Materials,Beijing Research Center for Radiation Application,Beijing 100015,China;Beijing Shaanxi Coal Hi-tech Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]海军装备部驻北京地区第七军事代表室,北京100071 [2]北京市射线应用研究中心有限公司/辐射新材料北京市重点实验室,北京100015 [3]北京陕煤高新技术研究院有限公司,北京100095

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2024年第3期55-62,共8页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

摘　　要：针对天然橡胶(NR)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)并用胶共混效果不佳和耐老化性能较差的问题,本研究采用辐射交联技术制备了天然橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶并用胶,通过与热交联制备的并用胶对比,明确了辐射交联工艺对共混效果的促进作用。重点分析了NR/EPDM共混胶中生胶并用比和辐射交联等因素对老化前后并用胶力学性能的影响规律。热空气老化前,随着EPDM占比的增大,热交联样品的初始拉伸强度和伸长率曲线呈先降低后上升趋势,而辐射交联样品初始拉伸强度和伸长率呈线性下降趋势,说明辐照处理改善了EPDM/NR并用胶初始力学性能,辐射交联提高了NR和EPDM分子之间交联结构的完善性。热空气老化后,辐射交联样品的性能下降幅度小于热交联的样品,说明在热交联基础上,引入辐射技术可以提升辐射交联样品热老化后的伸长率保持率,尤其是在NR占比较大的情况下,辐射样品性能下降幅度能减小约50%。由此说明,利用辐射交联技术制备天然橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶并用胶具有比传统热硫化交联具有更好的耐热空气老化性能。To improve the compatibility of natural rubber(NR)and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer(EPDM)and enhance the resistance of NR/EPDM blends to hot air aging,radiation-vulcanized NR/EPDM blends were prepared by γ-ray radiation.The effects of blend ratio and radiation vulcanization on the mechanical properties of the blends were investigated by using a uniaxial tensile test.With increasing EPDM content,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the hot-vulcanized sample first decreased and then increased due to the poor compatibility between NR and EPDM.In addition,the mechanical properties of the radiation-vulcanized sample degraded with increasing blend ratio of EPDM.The irradiation treatment improved the initial mechanical properties of the NR/EPDM rubber,and radiation crosslinking enhanced the coupling structure between the NR and EPDM polymer.Following aging treatment in hot air,the mechanical properties of the radiation-vulcanized sample were found to be less degraded than those of the hot-vulcanized one.This proved that the introduction of radiation technology via thermal crosslinking improved the elongation retention rate of the radiative crosslinked sample after thermal aging.In particular,the change rate of elongation at break of the radiation sample was reduced by~50%when the blend ratio of the NR was greater than that of EPDM.The results showed that the NR/EPDM blends prepared by radiation vulcanization had greater resistance to hot air aging than those prepared by hot vulcanization.

关 键 词：辐射交联 天然橡胶 三元乙丙橡胶 热空气老化 硫化剂 辐射硫化 

分 类 号：TL13[核科学技术—核能科学] TL99[化学工程—橡胶工业] TQ333.3