核电磁脉冲中非电离辐射作用于人体的电磁场和温度场仿真  

Simulation research on electromagnetic field and temperature fields of nuclear electromagnetic pulse acting on human model

作　　者：王世鑫 逯迈 WANG Shixin;LU Mai(Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2024年第3期106-117,共12页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51867014);甘肃省教育厅项目(2024CXPT-11)资助。

摘　　要：采用国际电工委员会制定的双指数脉冲波形模拟核电磁脉冲,分析脉冲波形主要谐波分量的幅值、频谱及相位。在多物理场仿真软件COMSOLMultiphysics建立偶极子天线模型及人体三维模型,通过电磁场与热场耦合模块,求解人体组织中感应电场强度、磁场强度、比吸收率(Specificabsorptionratio,SAR)和温度场分布。将结果与国际非电离辐射防护委员会(International commission on non-ionizing radiation protection,ICNIRP)制定的《限制电磁场暴露导则》进行比较。结果表明:人体距离暴露源1 km时,感应电场强度、磁场强度、局部最大SAR值和平均SAR值分别为88.8 V/m、0.58 A/m、0.66 W/kg、0.011W/kg。感应电场强度和磁场强度超过了ICNIRP规定限制59.8V/m和0.22A/m。但在10km处,电场、磁场、局部最大SAR值和平均SAR值都满足安全限制。人体组织中温度升高主要集中在大脑处,暴露时间为6min时,温升为0.2171℃,符合ICNIRP规定的局部温升2℃和核心温升1℃限值的要求。本研究结果为核电磁脉冲环境中人体遭受电磁暴露的健康风险安全评估提供了一定的科学依据。The double exponential pulse waveform developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission is used to simulate the nuclear electromagnetic pulse,and the amplitude,spectrum,and phase of the main harmonic components of the waveform are analyzed.A dipole antenna model and a three-dimensional human body model are established in the simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics.Thr ough the coupling modules of electromagnetic and thermal fields,the induced electric field intensity,magnetic field intensity,specific absorption rate(SAR),and temperature distribution in human tissues were obtained.The results are compared with the"Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields"established by the International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection(ICNIRP).The results showed that when the human body is 1 km away from the exposure source,the induced electric field intensity,magnetic field intensity,local maximum SAR value,and average SAR value are 88.8 V/m,0.58 A/m,0.66 W/kg,and 0.011 W/kg,respectively.The electric and magnetic fields exceed the ICNIRP limits of 59.8 V/m and 0.22 A/m,respectively.However,at a distance of 10 km,the electric field,magnetic field,local maximum SAR value,and average SAR value all meet the safety limits.The temperature rise in human tissues is mainly concentrated in the brain,and after an exposure time of 6 minutes,the temperature rise is 0.2171℃,which meets the ICNIRP's local temperature rise limit of 2℃ and core temperature rise limit of 1℃.This study provides a scientific basis for the health risk assessment of electromagnetic exposure in the human body in a nuclear electromagnetic pulse environment.

关 键 词：核电磁脉冲 偶极子天线 电磁场 温度场 比吸收率 

分 类 号：TL72[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]