高温胁迫对沙芥与斧翅沙芥幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光动力参数的影响  

Effects of High Temperature Stress on Growth and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Pugionium cornutum and Pugionium dolabratum Seedlings

作　　者：张韶华 张晓辉[2] 杨忠仁[1] 黄修梅[1] 张凤兰[1] 宁可真 ZHANG Shaohua;ZHANG Xiaohui;YANG Zhongren;HUANG Xiumei;ZHANG Fenglan;NING Kezhen(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Vegetable Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Creation Beijing Scientific Observation Experimental Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,农业农村部蔬菜作物基因资源与种质创制北京科学观测实验站,北京100081

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第10期1-8,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项资助项目(2021YFD200200);国家自然科学基金资助项目(32360751,31760570);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项资金资助项目(2021CG0023)。

摘　　要：以沙芥与斧翅沙芥为试材,通过人工模拟干旱试验的方法,研究沙芥与斧翅沙芥对高温的响应,探讨沙芥属植物对沙漠高温的生理生态适应性,以及高温胁迫下叶绿素荧光变化及其对高温的应答机制,以期为沙生蔬菜工厂化栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:沙芥与斧翅沙芥幼苗出现轻微热害症状,斧翅沙芥40℃/24 h,沙芥45℃/2 h;热处理直接导致植株死亡,沙芥50℃/24 h、60℃/3 h;斧翅沙芥45℃/24 h、50℃/8 h和60℃/2 h。当温度升高至40℃,通过最大荧光产量(Fm)和可变荧光(Fv)分析,沙芥与斧翅沙芥通过PSⅡ的电子传递明显受到抑制,PSⅡ反应中心QA氧化态数量减少,使QA→QB传递电子的能力下降;当温度升高至60℃,通过初始荧光(Fo)反映,PSⅡ反应中心出现不可逆转失活,其中沙芥60℃是30℃的1.51倍,斧翅沙芥是3.07倍,说明在60℃时斧翅沙芥PSⅡ反应中心受损伤程度比沙芥严重。同时Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo和Fm/Fo变化一致,沙芥50℃显著下降,60℃接近于0;斧翅沙芥40℃开始显著下降,说明50℃显著影响沙芥光合作用,而40℃显著影响斧翅沙芥光合作用,60℃二者的光合作用几乎丧失。综合沙芥与斧翅沙芥幼苗热害症状和叶绿素荧光动力参数分析,二者均耐高温,表现出对沙区环境的适应性,同时也说明沙芥比斧翅沙芥更耐高温。P.cornutum and P.dolabratum were used as test materials.The response of P.cornutum and P.dolabratum to high temperature was studied by artificial simulated drought test.The physiological and ecological adaptability of P.cornutum to high temperature in desert,as well as the change of chlorophyll fluorescence under high temperature stress and its response mechanism to high temperature were discussed,in order to provide reference for the industrial cultivation of P.cornutum.The results showed that the seedlings of P.cornutum and P.dolabratum showed slight heat injury symptoms,P.dolabratum 40℃/24 hours,P.cornutum 45℃/2 hours;heat treatment directly led to plant death,P.cornutum 50℃/24 hours,60℃/3 hours;P.dolabratum 45℃/24 hours,50℃/8 hours and 60℃/2 hours.When the temperature increased to 40℃,through the maximum fluorescence yield Fm and variable fluorescence Fv analysis,the electron transfer of P.cornutum and P.dolabratum through PSⅡwas significantly inhibited,and the number of QA oxidation state in PSⅡreaction center decreased,so that the ability of QA→QB to transfer electrons decreased.When the temperature increased to 60℃,the initial fluorescence(Fo)reflected that the PSⅡreaction center was irreversibly deactivated.The 60℃ of P.cornutum was 1.51 times that of 30℃,and the P.dolabratum was 3.07 times,indicating that the PSⅡreaction center of P.dolabratum was more seriously damaged than that of P.cornutum at 60℃.At the same time,the changes of Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo and Fm/Fo were consistent.The temperature of 50℃ decreased significantly,and the temperature of 60℃ was close to 0.The photosynthesis of P.dolabratum began to decrease significantly at 40℃,indicating that 50℃significantly affected the photosynthesis of P.dolabratum,while 40℃ significantly affected the photosynthesis of P.dolabratum,and the photosynthesis of both was almost lost at 60℃.Based on the analysis of heat injury symptoms and chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic parameters of P.cornutum and P.dolabratum seedlings,bo

关 键 词：沙芥 斧翅沙芥 高温胁迫 光合作用 叶绿素荧光动力参数 

分 类 号：S649[农业科学—蔬菜学]