新疆的二十五份梨种质资源低温半致死温度比较及耐寒性评价  

Comparison of Low Temperature and Half Lethal Temperature and Evaluation of Cold Tolerance of 25 Pear Germplasm Resources

作　　者：秦倩 蒋艳 木合塔尔·扎热[2] 艾力江·麦麦提[3] QIN Qian;JIANG Yan;Muhetar·ZARE;Ailijiang·MAIMAITI(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052;Institute of Economic Forestry,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830092;College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830092 [3]新疆农业大学生命科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第10期24-31,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项资助项目(2023A02008-3);自治区“天山英才”计划;自治区林业发展补助资金资助项目(XJLYKJ-2021-09)。

摘　　要：以25份新疆的梨种质资源一年生休眠枝条为试材,在人工低温条件下(-18、-21、-24、-27、-30℃)进行处理24 h,研究了其在不同低温处理下电解质渗出率的变化。同时,结合Logistic方程计算得到枝条的半致死温度(LT50),旨在发现优异的抗寒种质资源,以期为后续耐寒梨种质资源的开发应用及引种提供参考依据。结果表明:在低温胁迫下,20份种质枝条的电解质外渗率呈现相似趋势,随着处理温度降低而逐渐增大,但不同种质之间上升速率存在差异。另外5份梨种质则表现出先上升后下降的趋势。25份梨种质中,半致死温度范围介于-29.91~-21.10℃。通过聚类分析将供试种质划分为三大类,小儿江、鄯善香梨和小香梨属于抗寒性较强的一类;雅格阿木提、八角梨、全母梨香梨等7份梨种质属于抗寒性较低的一类;而其他15份梨种质则属于抗寒性中间类型。Twenty-five 1-year-old dormant branches of pear germplasm resources from Xinjiang were used as test materials and treated under artificial low temperature conditions(-18℃,-21℃,-24℃,-27℃,and-30℃)for 24 hours to study the changes in electrolyte leakage rate under different low temperature treatments.At the same time,the semi lethal temperature(LT50)of the branches was calculated using the logistic equation,aiming to discover excellent cold resistant germplasm resources and provide reference for the development,application,and introduction of cold resistant pear germplasm resources in the future.The results showed that under low temperature stress,the electrolyte leakage rate of 20 germplasm branches showed a similar trend,gradually increasing with the decrease of treatment temperature,but there were differences in the rate of increase among different germplasm resources.The other 5 pear germplasm showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Among the 25 pear germplasm,the semi lethal temperature range was between-29.91℃and-21.10℃.The tested germplasm was divided into three categories through cluster analysis,Xiao′erjiang,Shanshan Xiangli,and Xiaoxiangli belong to the group with strong cold resistance.Seven pear germplasms,including Yage Amuti,Bajiaoli,and Quanmuli Xiangli,belonged to the category with lower cold resistance.The other 15 pear germplasm belonged to the intermediate type of cold resistance.

关 键 词：低温胁迫 电解质外渗率 梨种质资源 半致死温度 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]