视屏与户外活动时间对儿童青少年筛查性近视共患超重/肥胖的影响  

Effects of video and outdoor time on screening myopia combined with overweight/obesity in children and adolescents

作　　者：董柳雪 杨艳[2] 马倩倩[2] 黄莹[2] 张松杰[2] 李骏 DONG Liuxue;YANG Yan;MA Qianqian;HUANG Ying;ZHANG Songjie;LI Jun(School of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China;Xi′an Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学公共卫生学院,陕西咸阳712046 [2]西安市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2024年第3期241-245,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：西安市科技计划项目(2023JH-YXYB-0312)。

摘　　要：目的了解2019—2021年西安市儿童青少年筛查性近视共患超重/肥胖流行现状,并探讨视屏时间与户外活动时间对其的影响,为近视、超重/肥胖的多病共防提供参考。方法选取2019—2021年西安市学生常见病监测的12所学校学生为研究对象,对小学4~6年级、初中和高中各年级进行分层整群抽样。描述筛查性近视共患超重/肥胖现状,采用χ2检验、多元logistic回归对共患病的影响因素进行分析。结果2019—2021年共纳入儿童青少年5768人,其中小学4~6年级1877人(32.54%),初中1928人(33.43%),高中1963人(34.03%);3年筛查性近视共患超重/肥胖的共患率分别为27.4%(985/3601)、16.1%(168/1041)、27.4%(308/1126),变化呈J型曲线。3年总共患率为25.3%(1461/5768);共患率为城区高于郊县、男生高于女生、随学段呈上升趋势(均P<0.01)。视屏时间≥2 h/d是小学4~6年级儿童青少年筛查性近视共患超重/肥胖的危险因素(OR=2.111)。户外活动时间≥2 h/d是小学4~6年级和初中儿童青少年筛查性近视共患超重/肥胖的保护因素(OR=0.531、0.544)。结论减少视屏时间和增加户外活动时间能降低儿童青少年筛查性近视共患超重/肥胖发生。Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of screening myopia combined with overweight/obesity in children and adolescents from 2019 to 2021 in Xi′an City,and to provide a reference for the coprevention of myopia and overweight/obesity.Methods Students from 12 schools monitored for common diseases in Xi′an from 2019 to 2021 were selected for this study,and stratified cluster sampling was carried out in grades 4 to 6 of primary school,junior high school,and senior high school.To describe the status quo of screening myopia combined with overweight/obesity,c2 test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of comorbidity.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 5768 children and adolescents were included,including 1877(32.54%)in grades 4 to 6 of primary school,1928(33.43%)in junior high school,and 1963(34.03%)in senior high school.The coincidence rates of screening myopia and overweight/obesity from 2019 to 2021 were 27.4%(985/3601),16.1%(168/1041),and 27.4%(308/1126),respectively,with a Jshaped curve.The 3-year total coincidence rate was 25.3%(1461/5768).The coincidence rate was higher in urban area than in suburban county,higher in boys than in girls,and increased with phase of studying(all P<0.01).Video time≥2 h/d was a risk factor for screening myopia combined with overweight/obesity in grades 4 to 6 of primary school students(OR=2.111).Outdoor activity time≥2 h/d was a protective factor for screening myopia combined with overweight/obesity in grades 4 to 6 of primary school students and junior high school students(OR=0.531,0.544).Conclusions Reducing video time and increasing outdoor time can reduce the incidence of screening myopia combined with overweight/obesity in children and adolescents.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 筛查性近视 肥胖 共病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]