《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版收录的中药材与中药制剂的系统分析  

Systematic Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials and Chinese Medicinal Preparations Included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia of the 2020 Edition

作　　者：罗皓文 夏秋冬 刘圆 徐梦 杨扬 张久亮[2] 胡学博 LUO Hao-Wen;XIA Qiu-Dong;LIU Yuan;XU Meng;YANG Yang;ZHANG Jiu-Liang;HU Xue-Bo(College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070 Hubei,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070 Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学食品科技学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《广州中医药大学学报》2024年第5期1348-1353,共6页Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2021YFE0194000);湖北省重点研发计划项目(编号:2022EHB047)。

摘　　要：对2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《中国药典》)收录的药材和饮片数量、药材与饮片基原物种数与入药部位、成方制剂和单方制剂的数量及组成进行统计和分析,结果载入网站(http://itcm.hzau.edu.cn/yd/zgyd.htm)供参考查询。分析显示:(1)《中国药典》(一部)共收录616种药材与饮片以及47种植物油脂与提取物。616种药材和饮片按其来源可分为植物类、动物类、矿物质类、微生物类、人工合成或配置原料类、人源制品、兼具动物与植物来源类等。47种植物油脂与提取物中,46种为以植物来源制成的药材,剩余1种为动物来源,即水牛角浓缩粉。(2)616种药材和饮片中,有421种(占比73.60%)药材源于单一的基原物种,96种(占比16.78%)药材具有2种基原,40种(占比6.99%)药材具有3种基原,11种(占比1.92%)药材具有4种基原,2种(占比0.35%)药材具有5种基原,2种(占比0.35%)药材具有6种基原。47种植物油脂与提取物中,有34种具有单一基原,基原数为2和3的植物油脂与提取物各有5种。(3)《中国药典》(一部)共收录1605种成方和单方制剂。除未公布组成的云南白药和云南白药胶囊外,其余1603种复方制剂和单方制剂一共涉及14329种药材。2020年版《中国药典》成方和单方制剂使用频次最多的前20种药材为甘草、当归、茯苓、川芎、黄芩、白芍、黄芪、陈皮、地黄、白术、丹参、冰片、桔梗、大黄、熟地黄、木香、红花、麦冬、党参以及白芷。结果提示2020年版《中国药典》亦存在药材饮片与处方药材不完全对应、炮制品收录不完整等问题。通过系统分析《中国药典》收录中药材的总体信息及其与处方间的相互关系,可为进一步研究中药材生产与完善处方药材的记录提供参考。Statistical analysis was conducted on the quantity of Chinese medicine material and sliced herbal medicine,the species types and medicinal parts of Chinese medicine material and sliced herbal medicine,and the quantity and composition of Chinese patent medicines and single-herb preparations in Chinese Pharmacopoeia of the 2020 edition.The statistical results are available on the web site(http://itcm.hzau.edu.cn/yd/zgyd.htm)for reference.The analysis results showed that:(1)Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Part I)contained a total of 616 kinds of Chinese medicine material and sliced herbal medicine and 47 kinds of plant oils and extracts.The 616 kinds of Chinese medicine material and sliced herbal medicine originated from plants,animals,minerals,microorganisms,artificial or synthetic raw materials,human-sourced products,and products having the origin of both animal and plants.Of the 47 kinds of plant oils and extracts,46 were made from plant sources,and the remaining one,i.e.Cornu Bubali concentrated powder,was made from the animal sources.(2)A total of 421(73.60%)from the 616 kinds of Chinese medicine material and sliced herbal medicine originated from the single species,96(16.78%)originated from 2 kinds of species,40(6.99%)originated from 3 kinds of species,11(1.92%)originated from 4 kinds of species,2(0.35%)originated from 5 kinds of species,and 2(0.35%)originated from 6 kinds of species.Of the 47 kinds of plant oils and extracts,34 originated from the single species,5 originated from 2 kinds of species and 5 originated from 3 kinds of species.(3)The Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Part I)contained a total of 1605 Chinese patent medicines and single-herb preparations.Except that the composition of Yunnan Baiyao Powder and Yunnan Baiyao Capsules was not issued,the remaining 1603 types of Chinese patent medicines and single-herb preparations involved a total of 14329 kinds of medicinal materials.The Chinese medicines with the leading 20 frequency used in the Chinese patent medicines and single-herb preparations recorded in the Chinese

关 键 词：《中华人民共和国药典》 药材与饮片 植物油脂和提取物 基原 成方制剂 单方制剂 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学] R921.2[医药卫生—中医学]