河北省小麦生产体系中化肥投入的氮排放和碳足迹分析  

Nitrogen Emissions and Carbon Footprint Analysis of Chemical Fertilizer Input in Wheat Production System in Hebei Province

作　　者：范燕[1] 赵雪飞[1] 么田 吴志会[1] 陈胜萍[1] 刘晓光[1] FAN Yan;ZHAO Xuefei;YAO Tian;WU Zhihui;CHEN Shengping;LIU Xiaoguang(Tangshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tangshan 063001,Hebei China)

机构地区：[1]唐山市农业科学研究院,河北唐山063001

出　　处：《河南科学》2024年第6期789-796,共8页Henan Science

基　　金：唐山市重点研发项目(22150217A,23150201A,23150204A)。

摘　　要：分析河北省小麦生产的变化特征,并利用生命周期评价法(LCA)对化肥投入所产生氮排放和碳足迹进行定量分析,以期助力农业减排,为小麦产业绿色发展提供决策依据.结果表明:2003—2021年河北省小麦总产量逐年递增,播种面积基本稳定在2.3×10^(6)hm^(2)左右,单产增产显著;2010年之前播种面积增加对总产的贡献大,2011年后单产提升对总产贡献大;18年间小麦生产中纯氮肥和复混肥施用最多,分别占总量的39.4%和58.4%;氮肥偏生产力在19.3~26.4 kg/kg之间,呈上升走向;对环境产生的活性氮排放主要以NH3挥发为主,占总量的63.5%;2004—2021年化肥投入对环境所产生的总碳排放量下降34.5%,单位面积化肥投入所产生的碳排放下降28.2%;化肥生产碳排放>化肥施用碳排放;对化肥投入碳足迹影响的主要因素是纯氮肥用量.This study systematically analyzed the variation characteristics of wheat production in Hebei Province,and quantitatively analyzed the environmental impact of chemical fertilizer input based on the life cycle assessment method(LCA),with a view to helping agricultural emission reduction and providing decision-making basis for environmental management and green development of wheat industry development.The results showed that the wheat yield in Hebei Province increased year by year from 2003 to 2021.The sown area was basically stable at about 2.3 million hectares.The yield per unit area increased significantly.Before 2010,the increase of sown area contributed a lot to the total yield,while after 2011,the increase of unit yield is more contributive.In the past 18years,pure nitrogen fertilizer and compound fertilizer were most applied in wheat production,accounting for 39.4%and 58.4% of the total,respectively.Nitrogen partial productivity was between 19.3 kg/kg and 26.4 kg/kg,and showed an increasing trend.The active nitrogen emission to the environment was mainly NH3volatilization,accounting for 63.5% of the total.The total carbon emissions and carbon emissions per unit area of fertilizer input to the environment from 2004 to 2021 showed a downward trend,decreasing by 34.5% and 28.2%,respectively.The carbon emission of fertilizer production is greater than that of fertilizer application.The most important factor affecting carbon footprint of fertilizer input is the amount of pure nitrogen fertilizer.

关 键 词：小麦 化肥投入 氮排放 碳足迹 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S143