不同比例桑枝叶粉复合饲料对肉鸡血液生化指标及胆固醇含量的影响  

Effects of Different Proportions of Mulberry Powder on Blood Bio⁃chemistry Indexes and Cholesterol Content in Broilers

作　　者：刘岩[1] 林天宝[1] 侯凤香 赵燕 范明亮 金俊杰 吕志强[1] Liu Yan;Lin Tianbao;Hou Fengxiang;Zhao Yan;Fan Mingiang;Jin Junjie;Lyu Zhiqiang(Sericulture and Tea Research Institute,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Wen-zhou Livestock and Poultry Safety Production Engineering Technology Research center,Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325005,China;Hangzhou Center of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Security,Hangzhou 310020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院蚕桑与茶叶研究所,杭州310021 [2]温州市农业科学研究院,温州市畜禽安全生产工程技术研究中心,浙江温州325005 [3]杭州市农业农村事务保障中心,杭州310020

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2024年第2期147-154,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：“十四五”农业新品种选育重大育种专项蚕桑协作项目(2021C02072);中国⁃乌兹别克斯坦国家重点研发国际合作项目(2022YFE012700);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS⁃18);杭州市科技发展计划项目(202203B12);杭州市第十批科技特派员项目。

摘　　要：桑树是在我国广泛栽种且兼具药食两用价值的木本植物,其营养丰富产量又高。随着机械化栽培生产技术升级和应用推广,桑多元化应用前景十分广阔。为探究机械化收获的杂交桑枝叶粉制备复合饲料对肉鸡生产的影响,在等氮等能的基础上,按基础日粮含0%(对照组)、2%(低剂量组)、4%(中剂量组)、6%(高剂量组)的不同比例配制桑枝叶粉复合饲料,经连续8周的饲养观察,测定肉鸡生长性能、血液理化指标,分析与脂质代谢相关基因的表达特征。结果显示,与对照组相比,桑枝叶粉复合饲料组鸡生长状态、觅食表现和增重无明显变化,但肉鸡的血清总蛋白含量、抗氧化能力、淋巴细胞增殖活性和血清溶菌酶活性显著升高;同时,桑枝叶粉饲养组肉鸡的血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、尿素氮(UREA)含量和胆固醇含量降低,其中4%桑枝叶粉复合饲料组表现尤为明显。经定量PCR检测表明,内源性胆固醇含量的变化可能与HMGCR、SREBP-2等蛋白基因水平的表达受到抑制,以及LDLR外运蛋白基因的表达量增加有关。综上所述,桑枝叶粉可改善肉鸡体内的物质代谢,提高肝肾及抗氧化和免疫保护功能,促进胆固醇脂质代谢,具有较好的市场应用潜力。Mulberry is a woody plant that widely cultivated in China.It has been popular for its diversified utilization and famous value in both medicinal and edible field,as well as rich nutrition,high yield characters in in-dustry.With the continuous technology upgrading and ap-plication of mechanized cultivation,there are broad pros-pects of the diversified application of mulberry.To explore the effects of compound feed made of hybrid mulberry branch and leaf powder on the production of broiler chic-kens,different proportions of basic diet containing 0%(control group),2%(low dose group),4%(medium dose group)and 6%(high dose group)mulberry branch and leaf powder were set based on isonitrogen and isoen-ergy.After feeding for 8 weeks,the growth performance,blood physicochemical indexes and expression characteristics of genes related to lipid metabolism in broilers were investigated.The results showed that broilers in mulberry branch and leaf powder treated group appeared similar growth status,foraging performance and weight gain rate in comparison with those of the control group.However,the serum total protein,antioxidant capacity,lymphocyte proliferation activity and serum ly-sozyme activity of broilers were significantly increased in mulberry branch and leaf powder treated groups.Meanwhile,ser-um alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity,aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity,content of urea nitrogen and con-tent of cholesterol were decreased in broilers fed with mulberry branch and leaf powdef.Among them,the group with 4%mulberry branch and leaf powder showed with particularly excellent performance.Results of quantitative PCR showed that the inhibition of HMGCR,SREBP-2 coding genes and the increase expression of LDLR coding gene may be related to changes in endogenous cholesterol content.In conclusion,mulberry branch and leaf powder could improve the metabolism of broilers,modify the protection roles of liver and kidney,increase the antioxidant and immune protection roles,and pro-mote cholesterol and lipid metabolism,which

关 键 词：饲料 血清学 胆固醇 抗氧化 桑枝叶粉 

分 类 号：S899.9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S816.7[农业科学—畜牧兽医]