不同食用菌栽培配料对榆黄菇品质影响初探  

Effects of Different Cultivation Materials of Edible Fungi on the Quality of Yuhuang Mushroom

作　　者：张宝成 陈永春 曾钢 张凤 郭骥潇 苏会 Zhang Baocheng;Chen Yongchun;Zeng Gang;Zhang Feng;Guo Jixiao;Su Hui(Maotai Institute,Zunyi Guizhou 564507,China;College of Biology and Agricultural Science and Technology,Zunyi Normal University,Zunyi Guizhou 563006,China;Guizhou Xinhui Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Zunyi Guizhou 564207,China)

机构地区：[1]茅台学院,贵州遵义564507 [2]遵义师范学院生物与农业科技学院,贵州遵义563006 [3]贵州信惠农业发展有限公司,贵州遵义564207

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2024年第2期188-192,共5页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：遵义市科技局遵市科合HZ字(2022)161号合农村产业字201907号,贵州省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S20221⁃4625031);茅台学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X20221⁃4625038);贵州省林业局项目(黔林科合[2022]41号)。

摘　　要：在“东桑西移”的背景下贵州蚕桑产业大力发展,生产中修剪产生的大量废弃桑枝如果处理不当会产生环境污染。而食用菌生产中缺乏大量的木本植物原料。因此,本文探索利用这些废弃的桑枝为食用菌原料,实现区域的资源循环。同时,结合当地的特色“锌硒产品”,研究以修剪的桑枝为原料,以及在原料中添加锌硒和常规的玉米芯,比较其营养成分的变化。研究发现,桑枝处理组和锌硒处理组菌盖中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、还原糖、氨基酸和维生素C含量差异显著,且桑枝处理组和锌硒处理组高于玉米芯处理组。锌硒处理组菌盖多酚氧化酶D值最高,在0200~0853间波动;桑枝处理组的多酚氧化酶活性也呈现增加趋势,D值在012~024之间波动;玉米芯处理组的多酚氧化酶活性的D值在011~012间波动。菌柄中可溶性糖含量在桑枝处理组和锌硒处理组均是玉米芯处理组的121倍,可溶性蛋白含量在桑枝处理组和锌硒处理组是玉米芯处理组的259倍和344倍,还原糖含量在桑枝处理组和锌硒处理组是玉米芯处理组的158倍和117倍。氨基酸含量在桑枝处理组和锌硒处理组是玉米芯处理组的175倍和413倍。维生素C含量在桑枝处理组和锌硒处理组是玉米芯处理组的078倍和134倍。菌柄中多酚氧化酶活性在锌硒处理组中最高,在014~070之间波动,桑枝多酚氧化酶活性在013~043之间波动,而玉米芯处理组的多酚氧化酶活性相对比较稳定,在012~013之间波动。研究结果表明,不同的食用菌原料影响到榆黄菇产品的营养组成,今后需要根据食用菌市场开发功能性食用菌产品。Under the background of“Moving of Sericulture from the East to the West”,the rapid development of silkworm industry in Guizhou Province has generated a large number of waste mulberry branches,which,if not properly treated,may cause environmental pollution.At the same time,the production of edible fungi lacks a large amount of wood plant raw materials.Therefore,this paper explores the use of these waste mulberry branches as raw materials for edible fungi to achieve regional resource recycling.Combined with the local“zinc and selenium products”,this study compares the nutritional components of pruned mulberry branches as raw materials and the addition of zinc and selenium,as well as conventional corncobs,respectively.The study found that there were significant differences in the contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,reducing sugar,amino acids,and vitamin C in the pileus between the mulberry branch treatment group and the zinc and selenium treatment group.Meanwhile,these contents were higher in the mulberry branch treatment group and the zinc and selenium treatment group than those in the corncob treatment group.Furthermore,the highest polyphenol oxidase activity was found in the zinc and selenium treatment group,the D value fluctuating between 0200 and 0853.Similarly,the polyphenol oxidase ac-tivity of the mulberry branch treatment group also showed an increasing trend,with a polyphenol oxidase activity D value fluctuating between 011 and 012.The content of soluble sugar in the stipe of the mulberry branch treatment group and the zinc and selenium treatment group was 121 times that of the corncob treatment group.The content of soluble protein in the mulberry branch treatment group and the zinc and selenium treatment group was 259 times and 344 times higher than that in the corncob group,respectively.The content of reducing sugar in the mulberry branch treatment group and the zinc and selenium treatment group was 158 and 117 times higher than that in the corncob group,respectively.The con-tent of amino a

关 键 词：桑枝 锌硒 可溶性糖 可溶性蛋白 维生素C 

分 类 号：S886.9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S646.9[农业科学—畜牧兽医]