乌克兰危机背景下俄罗斯与非洲关系发展新动向  

New Trends in the Development of Relations between Russia and Africa in the Context of the Ukraine Crisis

作　　者：张建[1] 李昕龙 Zhang Jian;Li Xinlong(Department of Diplomacy and Foreign Aff airs Management,China Foreign Aff airs University;Center for Russian Studies,China Foreign Affairs University)

机构地区：[1]外交学院外交学与外事管理系 [2]外交学院俄罗斯研究中心

出　　处：《和平与发展》2024年第3期55-79,202,203,共27页Peace and Development

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“中俄美三边关系与大国竞合中的世界秩序研究”(项目编号:19CGJ007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当今世界正面临百年未有之大变局,非洲作为“全球南方”的重要组成部分,俨然已成为大国竞争和地缘政治博弈的重要地区。冷战后俄非关系经历了俄罗斯撤离非洲的低谷期以及其后的缓慢恢复期、快速发展期,并在2022年乌克兰危机爆发后进入“战略水平期”,双方高层互动、粮食合作、军事安全合作、能源合作等都提升至新的高度。俄非关系能够发展到新的阶段,源于俄罗斯和非洲对彼此的需求和利益交汇点增加。俄非军事和安全合作对西方在非洲的存在形成了挤压之势,但俄罗斯在对非经济合作、机制化建设以及与西方国家的“混合战争”较量等方面仍处于劣势。俄非关系的未来发展仍呈继续上升趋势,双方将进一步加强各领域合作。俄罗斯对非政策调整对中非关系既是机遇也构成挑战,并对中国的非洲政策提供了参考。The world today is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century.Africa,as an important part of the“Global South”,has become a major area of great power competition and geopolitical game.After the end of the Cold War,Russia-Africa relations experienced a low period witnessing Russia’s withdrawal from Africa,then a slow recovery period and a rapid development period,and entered a“strategic level”period after the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis in 2022,in which high-level interaction,food cooperation,military and security cooperation,energy cooperation and cooperation in other fields between the two sides have been raised to a new height.The new stage of Russia-Africa relations has stemmed from the increasing convergence of needs and interests between Russia and Africa.Russia-Africa military and security cooperation has formed a trend of squeezing the Western presence in Africa,but Russia is still at a disadvantage in terms of economic cooperation with Africa,institutional construction and“hybrid war”with Western countries.The future development of Russia-Africa relations will continue to rise and the two sides will further strengthen cooperation in various fields.The adjustment of Russia’s policy towards Africa is both an opportunity and a challenge to the relationship between China and Africa,which also serves as a reference for China’s Africa policy.

关 键 词：乌克兰危机 俄非关系 全球南方 多极世界 中非合作 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]