从反恐优先到地缘政治博弈:美国介入南亚事务新态势及其前景评析  

From the Priority on Counterterrorism to Geopolitical Game-An Analysis of the New Situation and Prospects of US Involvement in South Asian Affairs

作　　者：杨瑞 王世达[2,3] Yang Rui;Wang Shida(School of International Studies,Communication University of China;Institute of South Asian Studies,CICIR)

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学外国语言文化学院 [2]中国现代国际关系研究院 [3]中国现代国际关系研究院南亚所

出　　处：《和平与发展》2024年第3期154-176,205,206,共25页Peace and Development

基　　金：中国传媒大学亚洲传媒研究中心科研资助(项目编号:AMRC2022-11)。

摘　　要：南亚是中国周边重要地区,该地区的大国势力、战略格局及安全形势对中国的国家主权、边境安全和经济发展具有重要影响。近年来,美国在实施“印太战略”背景下持续调整南亚政策,大幅提升自身在南亚的地缘影响并扩展经济、安全存在,尤其是将印度视为地区战略的重中之重,深化双边各领域合作,联手态势明显。美国还积极调整对巴基斯坦的政策,利用其新政府上台之机,推动美巴关系触底反弹。美国同时加大对南亚中小国家事务介入,以达到拉拢和控制这些国家的目的。美国上述政策举措对南亚地区的权力结构、安全形势以及中国周边安全和地区战略产生了系列影响,未来美国将在很大程度上延续这些做法,扩大对南亚国家合作及控制力度。但美国持续提升其南亚影响也面临系列因素制约。对此,中国应对美国的南亚战略举措实行差异化应对,并与志同道合及有共同利益的国家合作,更加积极主动地塑造南亚地区的和平与稳定,促进共同繁荣与发展。South Asia is an important region adjacent to China,and the presence of major powers,strategic landscape and security situation in this region have an important impact on China’s national sovereignty,border security and economic development.In recent years,in the context of the implementation of the“Indo-Pacifi c Strategy”,the United States has continued to adjust its South Asia policy,not only significantly increasing its geopolitical influence in South Asia,but also expanding its economic and security presence in the region.In particular,the US regards India as the top priority of its regional strategy,striving to deepen cooperation in various fi elds between the two sides,which shows a strong trend of joint action.The US has also actively adjusted its policy towards Pakistan,and taken the inauguration of the new government as an opportunity to push its relations with Pakistan to rebound from the bottom.In addition,the US has earnestly increased involvement in the affairs of small and medium-sized countries in South Asia for the purpose of co-opting and controlling these countries.The above measures taken by the US have had a series of impacts on the power structure and security situation in South Asia as well as on China’s peripheral security and regional strategy.In the future,the US will continue these practices to a large extent and expand its cooperation with and control over South Asian countries.However,the US will also face a number of constraints in continuing to increase its infl uence in South Asia.In this regard,China should adopt a differentiated response to the strategic measures of the United States in South Asia,and take a more active role in shaping peace and stability as well as promoting common prosperity and development in South Asia with like-minded countries and countries with common interests.

关 键 词：美国 印度 南亚 印太战略 地缘政治 大国竞争 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]