某省中老年HIV/AIDS患者特征及发现12个月内治疗死亡情况分析  

Analysis of the characteristics of middle-aged and elderly patients with HIV/AIDS and their death within 12 months after treatment in a province

作　　者：马琳[1] 吴小雪 张亚丽[1] 王伟[1] 王敬丘 王校丰[1] 张玉琪[1] 路新利[1] 白广义[1] MA Lin;WU Xiao-xue;ZHANG Ya-li;WANG Wei;WANG Jing-qiu;WANG Xiao-feng;ZHANG Yu-qi;LU Xin-li;BAI Guang-yi(Institute for STD and AIDS Prevention and Control,Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治所,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第11期1933-1937,1955,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河北省卫计委医学科研项目(20170451)。

摘　　要：目的分析某省报告的50岁及以上中老年艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)的流行特征和发现12个月内治疗死亡情况,为制定针对性防控措施提供依据。方法通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统-艾滋病综合防治数据信息系统”收集某省2010—2019年报告的50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例信息数据,对其流行病学特征和发现12个月内治疗、死亡情况进行分析。率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,趋势性变化采用趋势χ^(2)检验,组间CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞检测结果比较采用非参数检验。结果2010—2019年某省共报告14819例HIV/AIDS病例,50岁及以上2875例,占19.4%。新发病例占比由2010年的10.3%上升到2019年的24.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ_(趋势)^(2)=126.741,P<0.001),年度报告发病率呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=936.208,P<0.001)。男女比例为5.3∶1;平均年龄(58.40±7.50)岁;以农民为主,占49.0%(1408/2875);文化程度以初中为主,占42.0%(1208/2875);经医疗机构发现为主,占64.5%(1854/2875);传播途径以性传播为主,占96.8%(2784/2875);其中男性病例以同性传播为主,占49.5%(1423/2416),女性病例经非婚异性传播和配偶间传播分别占49.0%(212/433)和51.0%(221/433)。病例首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞检测结果中位数为266个/mm^(3)。男女CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞结果差异有统计学意义(Z=-5.395,P<0.001)。病例发现12个月内治疗率56.7%(1632/2875),各年治疗率呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=115.054,P<0.001)。病例发现12个月内病死率15.2%(433/2875),各年病死率呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=61.654,P<0.001)。结论某省50岁及以上中老年HIV/AIDS病例数量及比例逐年增加,应进一步加强该人群精准宣教和干预,同时扩大检测做到早发现、早治疗。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and treatment-related deaths within 12 months of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 and above reported in a province,providing a basis for targeted prevention and control measures.Methods Data on HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and above reported in a province from 2010 to 2019 were collected from the China CDC Information System for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of AIDS,and the epidemiological characteristics and treatment-related deaths within 12 months were analyzed.The comparison of rates was performed using theχ^(2)test,trend changes were analyzed using the trendχ^(2)test,and the comparison of CD4^(+)T lymphocyte detection results between groups was performed using non-parametric tests.Results From 2010 to 2019,a total of 2875 cases of HIV/AIDS aged 50 and above were reported in the province,accounting for 19.4%of the total cases(14819 cases).The proportion of new cases increased from 10.3%in 2010 to 24.6%in 2875;sexual transmission was the primary route,accounting for 96.8%(2784/2875).Among male cases,same-sex transmission accounted for 49.5%(1423/2416).Among female cases,non-marital heterosexual transmission and spousal transmission accounted for 49.0%(212/433)and 51.0%(221/433),respectively.The median CD4^(+)T lymphocyte count at the initial test was 266 cells/mm^(3).There was a statistically significant difference in CD4^(+)T lymphocyte counts between males and females(Z=-5.395,P<0.001).The treatment rate within 12 months of diagnosis was 56.7%(1632/2875),showing an increasing trend each year(χ_(trend)^(2)=115.054,P<0.001).The mortality rate within 12 months of diagnosis was 15.2%(433/2,875),showing a decreasing trend each year(χ_(trend)^(2)=61.654,P<0.001).Conclusion The number and proportion of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and above in the province have been increasing annually.It is necessary to strengthen targeted health education and interventions for this population as well as expand testing to achieve early detection and treatment.2019,with a statistical

关 键 词：HIV/AIDS 年龄 流行特征 晚发现 治疗 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]