居室积尘邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯污染特征及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of pollution characteristics and influencing factors of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in indoor dust

作　　者：张文颖 曹赟 张晓彤 刘萌萌 蒋林霖 刘婷婷 宋风景 陈城宇 樊琳 韩旭[1] 王超[1] 李莉[1] 刘航[1] 孙一铭 罗斌[2] 王先良[1] ZHANG Wen-ying;CAO Bin;ZHANG Xiao-tong;LIU Meng-meng;JIANG Lin-lin;LIU Ting-ting;SONG Feng-jing;CHEN Cheng-yu;FAN Lin;HAN Xu;WANG Chao;LI Li;LIU Hang;SUN Yi-ming;LUO Bin;WANG Xian-liang(Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Institute of Environment and Health-related Products,China Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与人群健康重点实验室中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021 [2]兰州大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第11期1956-1961,1967,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21976169);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2023FY100603);典型城市室内环境健康影响调查与防护措施效果评估(中央财政专项)。

摘　　要：目的探索日常生活中居室积尘邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的污染水平、时空污染特征和潜在的家庭环境及个人生活习惯的影响因素,为防控居室积尘DEHP污染提供科学依据。方法综合考虑气候、经济和污染水平多方面因素,对兰州、洛阳、盘锦、绵阳、青岛、深圳、石家庄、无锡和西安9个典型城市开展入户积尘采样并进行问卷调查,应用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对经过处理后的积尘样本中DEHP含量进行检测;应用Wilcoxon秩和检验分析不同季节、不同主导风向、不同装修和不同生活习惯之间的差异;运用多重线性回归对居室积尘DEHP含量进行影响因素分析。结果部分城市居室积尘DEHP存在季节和主导风向差异,洛阳和绵阳居室积尘DEHP含量为非采暖季高于采暖季(P<0.05),而深圳和石家庄积尘中DEHP含量为非采暖季低于采暖季(P<0.05)。且绵阳上风向区居室积尘DEHP含量显著高于下风向区(P<0.05)。影响因素分析中发现居室积尘DEHP含量主要与PM_(2.5)(β=0.003,95%CI:0.001~0.005)、PM_(10)(β=-0.003,95%CI:-0.005~-0.001)、甲醛(β=3.626,95%CI:0.195~7.057)和人均GDP(β=-0.072,95%CI:0.050~0.095)相关。结论日常生活中,DEHP普遍存在于居室积尘中,不同城市的家庭中存在一定非采暖、采暖季及上下风向区域之间差异,但各城市间并未发现一致的污染特征。此外,居室积尘DEHP含量可能与温度、PM_(10)、二甲苯、使用电脑、使用地毯、种植花草和使用净水设备等因素相关。Objective To explore the pollution level and spatiotemporal characteristics of indoor dust di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)in daily life and the influencing factors of potential family environment and personal living habits,providing scientific basis for the prevention and control of DEHP pollution in indoor dust.Methods Considering the factors of climate,economy and pollution level,household dust samples were collected and investigated in 9 typical cities of Lanzhou,Luoyang,Panjin,Mianyang,Qingdao,Shenzhen,Shijiazhuang,Wuxi,and Xi’an.DEHP content in the treated dust samples was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The Wilcoxon rank sum test was employed to examine differences in DEHP levels across various seasons,dominant wind directions,types of home decoration,and living habits.Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors influencing DEHP content in indoor dust.Results DEHP levels in indoor dust varied significantly with season and dominant wind direction in some cities(P<0.05).Specifically,Luoyang and Mianyang exhibited higher DEHP levels during the heating season compared to other periods,while Shenzhen and Shijiazhuang showed lower levels during the heating season(P<0.05).In Mianyang,the upwind areas had significantly higher DEHP levels than the downwind areas(P<0.05).Factors influencing household dust DEHP levels included PM_(2.5)(β=0.003,95%CI:0.001-0.005),PM_(10)(β=-0.003,95%CI:-0.005 to-0.001),formaldehyde(β=3.626,95%CI:0.195-7.057),and per capita GDP(β=-0.072,95%CI:0.050-0.095).Conclusion DEHP is commonly found in indoor dust in daily life.Seasonal variations and wind direction affect its levels in different cities,though no consistent pattern of pollution characteristics is observed across the cities.Additionally,DEHP content in indoor dust may be influenced by temperature,PM_(10),xylene,computer use,carpet use,and indoor plant cultivation.

关 键 词：DEHP 居室 积尘 污染特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：X508[环境科学与工程—环境工程]