济南市免疫预防工作人员对免疫规划疫苗接种程序的认知现况调查  

Investigation on the cognition of immunization program among immunization prevention staff in Jinan city

作　　者：徐颖 许春华 刘晓雪 马永胜 李传彬[1] 王琼 赵建云[1] XU Ying;XU Chun-hua;LIU Xiao-xue;MA Yong-sheng;LI Chuan-bin;WANG Qiong;ZHAO Jian-yun(Institute of Immunization and Prevention,Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心免疫预防所,山东济南250021 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第11期2024-2029,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：济南市卫生健康委员会科技计划项目(2023-公-3)。

摘　　要：目的系统了解济南市免疫预防专业人员对《国家免疫规划疫苗儿童免疫程序及说明(2021年版)》中相关接种指导意见的认知情况,为提供更有针对性的技术指导和更好地完善儿童免疫程序和指导原则提供参考。方法于2022年9月对济南市的区县疾病预防控制中心(简称疾控中心)15名免疫预防技术骨干及423名在接种单位(含产科接种室)从事预检、接种的工作人员进行问卷调查,用Excel 2010和SPSS 18.0软件对调查数据进行描述性分析、χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析。以15名疾控中心人员对免疫程序总知识、特殊健康状态儿童接种知识和疫苗同时接种知识的回答正确率为标准计算调查对象相应知识的知晓率。结果438名调查对象对免疫程序总知识、特殊健康状态儿童接种知识和疫苗同时接种知识的知晓率分别为29.91%、23.29%和48.63%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.13~3.12)、预防接种工作年限(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.01~2.22)和执业资格类别(OR=0.25,95%CI:0.068~0.88)是调查对象免疫程序总知晓率的影响因素。文化程度(OR=3.01,95%CI:1.63~5.57)和专业(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.075~0.78)是调查对象特殊健康状态儿童接种知晓率的影响因素。仅性别(OR=0.37,95%CI:0.16~0.86)是调查对象疫苗同时接种知识知晓率的影响因素。结论济南市预防接种门诊工作人员对于免疫程序的认知水平,包括对于特殊健康状态儿童接种以及疫苗同时接种知识的把握尚待进一步提高。建议合理增加侧重相关知识的预防接种专业技术培训,建议进一步完善和细化有关特殊健康状态儿童预防接种以及疫苗同时接种相关工作指南或指导性文件。Objective To systematically understand the cognitive status of immunization professionals in Jinan on the relevant vaccination guidance in the“National Immunization Program Vaccine Child Immunization Program and Instructions(2021 Edition)”,in order to provide more targeted technical guidance and better improve the immunization program and guidance principles for children.Methods In September 2022,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 15 immunization technical backbones in the district and county CDCs of Jinan,as well as 423 vaccination units(including maternity vaccination rooms)engaged in pre-check and vaccination.The survey data was descriptively analyzed,andχ^(2) tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted using Excel 2010 and SPSS 18.0 software.The awareness rate of the corresponding knowledge of the survey subjects was calculated based on the accuracy of the answers given by the 15 CDC personnel to the overall knowledge of the immunization program,the knowledge of immunization of children with special health conditions,and the knowledge of simultaneous vaccination.Results The awareness rates of the survey subjects for the overall knowledge of the immunization program,the knowledge of immunization of children with special health conditions,and the knowledge of simultaneous vaccination were 29.91%,23.29%,and 48.63%,respectively.The results of the multiple-factor logistic regression analysis showed that educational level(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.13-3.12),years of preventive vaccination work(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.01-2.22),and professional qualification category(OR=0.25,95%CI:0.068-0.88)were influencing factors of the awareness rate of the immunization program for the survey subjects.Educational level(OR=3.01,95%CI:1.63-5.57)and profession(OR=0.24,95%CI:0.075-0.78)were influencing factors of the awareness rate of immunization for children with special health conditions.Only gender(OR=0.37,95%CI:0.16-0.86)was an influencing factor of the awareness rate of simultaneous vaccination for the survey subj

关 键 词：免疫规划 疫苗 免疫程序 认知 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]