葫芦脲的特性及衍生化  

Characteristics and Derivatization of Cucurbituril

作　　者：程芷琰 张海波[2] 周晓海[2] CHENG Zhi-yan;ZHANG Hai-bo;ZHOU Xiao-hai(School of Health,Dongguan Polytechnic,Guangdong Dongguan 523186;College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Hubei Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]东莞职业技术学院卫生健康学院,广东东莞523186 [2]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《广州化工》2024年第4期163-166,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：东莞职业技术学院科研基金项目(No:2021d07)。

摘　　要：葫芦脲是近年来发展迅速的新型大环主体分子之一,它是通过亚甲基桥连接不同数量的甘脲单元形成的一类桶状化合物。由于其结构特殊,近年来受到广泛关注和研究,其在分子开关、超分子催化反应器、药物载体等领域具有重要应用。然而葫芦脲较差的溶解性和化学惰性阻碍了其发展和应用,将葫芦脲衍生化,可改变它的物化性质和识别能力,大大扩展其应用范围。介绍了葫芦脲的特性,包括结构、溶解性、稳定性、刚性及化学惰性。详细阐述了葫芦脲衍生化的两种途径,一是以取代甘脲为原料合成取代葫芦脲,二是将葫芦脲直接氧化引入羟基合成羟基葫芦脲。Cucurbituril is one of the rapidly developing new macrocyclic host molecules in recent years,which is a type of barrel like compound formed by connecting different numbers of glycoluril units through methylene bridges.Due to its unique structure,cucurbituril has received widespread attention and research in recent years,and has important applications in molecular switches,supramolecular catalytic reactors,drug carriers and other fields.However,the poor solubility and chemical inertness hinder the development and application of cucurbituril.Derivation of cucurbituril can change its physicochemical properties and recognition ability,and expand its application range.The properties of cucurbituril,including structure,solubility,stability,rigidity and chemical inertia were introduced.Two ways of derivation of cucurbituril are described in detail,one is to synthesize substituted cucurbituril from substituted glycoluril and the other is to directly oxidize cucurbituril into hydroxyl group to synthesize hydroxycucurbituril.

关 键 词：葫芦脲 特性 葫芦脲衍生化 

分 类 号：O641.3[理学—物理化学]