基于信号检测论的错误信息鉴别层级模型  

Hierarchy model of misinformation identification based on signal detection theory

作　　者：曹呈旭 七十三 金童林 曾小叶 安叶青 卜塔娜 CAO Chengxu;QI Shisan;JIN Tongin;ZENG Xiaoye;AN Yeqing;BU Tana(School of Psychology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Key Research Base of Psychological Education in Inner Mongolia Colleges and Universities,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学心理学院,内蒙古高校心理教育重点研究基地,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2024年第7期1209-1220,共12页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：内蒙古师范大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(CXJJB23002)。

摘　　要：在错误信息鉴别的研究领域,系统2动机性推理理论和经典推理理论分别从不同视角探讨了影响个体错误信息鉴别的因素,但两者在认知能力的作用解释上存在分歧。在现有研究基础之上,引入情绪、信息特征和个体立场及其深层次动机等因素,进一步完善基于信号检测论的错误信息鉴别层级模型,旨在深化对不同因素如何影响错误信息鉴别的理解。该模型通过区分不同因素对信息鉴别中辨别敏感性和判断标准的影响,不仅有效地调和了系统2动机性推理理论和经典推理理论在认知能力作用观点上的分歧,也为理解错误信息鉴别的复杂机制提供了更为细致和结构化的分析框架。In the field of misinformation identification research,the motivated System 2 reasoning and classical reasoning accounts probe the influencing factors that shape individuals'ability to identify misinformation from different perspectives,yet diverge in their interpretations of cognitive abilities'roles.Building upon existing research,this study introduces factors such as emotions,information characteristics,individual stances,and their underlying motivations to further refine the hierarchical model of misinformation identification based on a signal detection theory.The objective is to enrich our comprehension of the multifaceted ways in which these diverse elements bear upon the process of misinformation identification.By differentiating the influence of various factors on both the discrimination sensitivity and the judgment criteria within the identification process,the model not only reconciles the contrasting perspectives on cognitive abilities posited by motivated System 2 reasoning and classical reasoning accounts but also furnishes a detailed and systematically organized analytical framework.This framework is instrumental in elucidating the intricate mechanisms that underpin the identification of misinformation.

关 键 词：错误信息 信号检测论 影响因素 系统2动机性推理理论 经典推理理论 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]