塔里木盆地北部震旦系-寒武系盐下碳酸盐沉积模式演化及油气地质意义  

EVOLUTION OF SINIAN-CAMBRIAN SUBSALT CARBONATE SEDIMENTARY MODEL AND ITS PETROLEUM GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATION IN NORTHERN TARIM BASIN

作　　者：王胜利[1] 孟万斌 祝贺[1] 冯明石 兰明杰 熊晓军[4] 朱振道 罗宇阳[2,3] 兰一[2,3] 高延玉 WANG Shengli;MENG Wanbin;ZHU He;FENG Mingshi;LAN Mingjie;XIONG Xiaojun;ZHU Zhendao;LUO Yuyang;LAN Yi;GAO Yanyu(Erploitation and Production Research Institute of Northwest Branch of Sinopec Corporation,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Erploitation,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;College of Geophysics,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川成都610059 [3]成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,四川成都610059 [4]成都理工大学地球物理学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《矿物岩石》2024年第2期122-136,共15页Mineralogy and Petrology

基　　金：中石化科研项目“塔北-塔中震旦系-寒武系成藏条件与区带优选”(项目编号:P22123)。

摘　　要：为查明塔里木盆地北部震旦系-寒武系盐下勘探层系生储盖分布及组合特征,利用20余条二维地震测线和北塔里木连片三维地震数据和近30口钻井资料,结合盆地西北缘野外露头剖面,分析了晚震旦世-中寒武世岩相古地理、沉积模式演化、生储盖层发育规律和成藏组合。结果表明:塔里木盆地北部晚震旦世-中寒武世发育碳酸盐缓坡、弱镶边台地和强镶边台地3种碳酸盐沉积模式,其中晚震旦世奇格布拉克组和早寒武世肖尔布拉克组沉积期发育碳酸盐缓坡,中寒武世吾松格尔组-沙依里克组沉积期发育弱镶边台地,中寒武世阿瓦塔格组沉积期发育强镶边台地。区内沉积演化经历了碳酸盐缓坡→碎屑滨岸-陆棚→碳酸盐缓坡→弱镶边台地→强镶边台地等5个阶段,该演化过程控制了不同储层类型的规模和有利区发育位置。奇格布拉克组沿古隆起北缘的内-中缓坡发育生物丘滩储层,肖尔布拉克组在塔中和柯坪地区的内-中缓坡发育藻丘滩储层,沙依里克组储层主要受台缘带控制,发育沿台缘展布的滩相储层。塔里木盆地北部发育下寒武统玉尔吐斯组优质烃源岩、肖尔布拉克组和震旦系潜在烃源岩,发育上震旦统奇格布拉克组、下寒武统肖尔布拉克组和中寒武统沙依里克组3套规模性白云岩储层,它们与吾松格尔组和阿瓦塔格组两套膏盐岩盖层共同组成了塔里木盆地北部盐下层系3套油气生储盖组合。The source-reservoir-cap distribution and assemblage characteristics of the Sinian-Cambrian reservoirs in the north Tarim Basin were studied using more than 202D seismic lines,3D seismic data,and nearly 3o drilling data points from the region.Combined with outcrop profiles from the northwest margin of the basin,this study analyzes the lithofacies paleogeography,sedimentary model evolution,source-reservoir-cap development patterns,and reservoir-forming assemblages of the Late Sinian-Middle Cambrian period.The results indicate the presence of three carbonate sedimentary models in the northern Tarim Basin during the Late Sinian-Middle Cambrian:carbonate ramp,weakly rimmed platform,and strongly rimmed platform.Specifically,the carbonate ramp developed in the Upper Qigebulak Formation and Lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulak Formation,the weakly rimmed platform developed in the Middle Cam-brian Wusongger-Shaylike Formation,and the strongly rimmed platform emerged during the deposition period of the Middle Cambrian Awatag Formation.The sedimentary evolution in this area underwent five stages:carbonate ramp→clastic shore-shelf→carbonate ramp→weakly rimmed platform→strongly rimmed platform.This evolutionary process controlled the scale of different reservoir types and deter-mined the locations of favorable areas.In the Qigebulake Formation,biological mound reservoirs devel-oped along the inner and middle ramp of the northern margin of the paleo-uplift.In the Xioerbulak Forma-tion,algal mound-shoal reservoirs formed along the inner and middle ramp of the Tazhong and Keping are-as.The Shaylik Formation was mainly controlled by the platform margin belt,where shoal facies reser-voirs distributed along the platform margin.High-quality source rocks of the Lower Cambrian Yurtus For-mation and potential source rocks of the Xiaoerbulak Formation and the Sinian rocks developed in northern Tarim Basin.Three large-scale dolomite reservoirs were identified in the Upper Sinian Qigebulak Forma-tion,the Lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulak Formatio

关 键 词：岩相古地理 沉积模式 成藏组合 晚震旦世-中寒武世 塔里木盆地北部 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]