扩大国内需求与形成消费和投资相互促进的良性循环  

Expanding Domestic Demand and Forming a Virtuous Circle of Consumption and Investment Mutually Reinforcing

作　　者：方福前[1] 夏杰长[2] 杨汝岱[3] 毛中根[4] 刘长庚[5,6] FANG Fu-qian;XIA Jie-chang;YANG Ru-dai;MAO Zhong-gen;LIU Chang-gengs(School of Economics,Renmin University of China;Institute of Financial Strategy,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;School of Economics,Peking University;Research Institute of Western China Economics,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics;Business School,Xiangtan University;School of Economics,Hunan University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]中国社会科学院财经战略研究院 [3]北京大学经济学院 [4]西南财经大学中国西部经济研究院 [5]湘潭大学商学院 [6]湖南财政经济学院经济学院

出　　处：《消费经济》2024年第2期3-11,共9页Consumer Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(72033007)的资助。

摘　　要：2023年12月中央经济工作会议强调,着力扩大国内需求,要激发有潜能的消费,扩大有效益的投资,形成消费和投资相互促进的良性循环。振兴中国居民消费,需要从供给和需求双侧发力,实现改革与政策协同推进,促进全体居民消费和农民等低收入重点群体消费并重,坚持短期振兴消费与长期促进消费相结合。推动消费复苏与升级,要着力稳定收入预期,提升消费能力;优化消费环境,改善消费条件;拓展消费业态,创新消费场景;鼓励新型消费,增强消费活力;完善农村消费环境,释放农村消费潜力。促进供给和需求平衡,需要实现由投资导向型发展思路向收入和消费导向型发展思路的转变,一个具体的制度性关键是引导税制设计实现从生产导向到消费导向的转型,通过消费者“用脚投票”效应去评价企业,真正提高投资效率和企业竞争力,实现投资与消费的协调均衡发展。数字消费是数字技术与消费行为的耦合,涵盖以数字商品和数字化商品为主的消费对象,反映了数字经济时代消费发展的新特征和社会关系的新变化;促进数字消费发展,要着力下沉拓展市场,发挥数字消费对生产的引领作用,加强数字平台反垄断监管,推进数字消费制度建设。我国农村家庭消费具有消费差距小于收入和资产差距、低收入家庭消费倾向较高、消费结构总体较为合理等特征,有效释放农村家庭消费潜力,要重点从三个方面发力:加快推进农业农村现代化,提高农村家庭的消费能力;持续完善社会保障体系,降低农村居民的生活成本;推进乡村移风易俗,形成健康的农村消费环境。The Central Economic Work Conference in December 2023 emphasized that efforts should be made to expand domestic demand,stimulate potential consumption,expand beneficial investment,and form a virtuous cycle of mutual promotion of consumption and investment.To revitalize household consumption in China,we need to work on both sides of supply and demand,achieve coordinated progress in reform and policy,promote consumption of all households and consumption of key low-income groups such as farmers,and adhere to the combination of short-term consumption promotion and long-term consumption promotion.To promote the recovery and upgrading of consumption,we need to stabilize income expectations and increase consumption capacity.Optimize the consumption environment and improve the consumption conditions;Expand consumption formats and innovate consumption scenarios;Encourage new types of consumption and enhance the vitality of consumption;We will improve the rural consumption environment and unleash rural consumption potential.To promote the balance between supply and demand,it is necessary to realize the transformation from investment-oriented development ideas to income and consumption-oriented development ideas.A specific institutional key is to guide the tax system design to realize the transformation from production oriented to consumption oriented,and evaluate enterprises through the effect of consumers'“voting with their feet”to truly improve investment efficiency and enterprise competitiveness.We will achieve balanced development of investment and consumption.Digital consumption is the coupling of digital technology and consumption behavior,covering the consumption objects dominated by digital commodities and digital commodities,reflecting the new characteristics of consumption development and new changes in social relations in the era of digital economy.To promote the development of digital consumption,we should focus on sinking and expanding the market,give play to the leading role of digital consumption in prod

关 键 词：扩大消费 消费升级 消费导向型税制 数字消费 农村家庭消费 

分 类 号：F063.2[经济管理—政治经济学]