千岛湖区马尾松林改造后的林下植物多样性和群落稳定性  

Diversity and Community Stability of Understory Vegetation in the Pinus massoniana Forest after Transformation in Thousand-island Lake Area

作　　者：周秀斌 徐玉华 刘敏 罗超 潘雯 李生[2] ZHOU Xiu-bin;XU Yu-hua;LIU Min;LUO Chao;PAN Wen;LI Sheng(Chun’an County Forestry Bureau,Hangzhou 311700,Zhejiang,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]淳安县林业局,浙江杭州311700 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第3期95-105,共11页Forest Research

基　　金：世界银行贷款项目(8856-CN-CLJY1)。

摘　　要：[目的]马尾松针叶林阔叶化改造有利于提升森林生态系统结构和功能,对林下植被的更新和演替也有着重要影响。分析林分改造后的林下植物多样性和稳定性特征,可为森林的可持续经营提供参考。[方法]以淳安县千岛湖林区马尾松不同改造林分(Ⅰ疏伐促新、Ⅱ疏伐补阔、Ⅲ皆伐促新、Ⅳ皆伐补阔)为对象,周边无改造措施林分(Ⅴ)为对照,进行植被调查、土壤采样与测定,分析了林下植被物种组成和多样性与林地特征因子的关系,并探究了林下群落稳定性与物种多样性的关系。[结果]样地间的林下灌木层优势种的差异低于草本层,Ⅴ的林下物种多样性显著低于改造后林地(p <0.05),Ⅳ的草本层物种多样性显著高于其它林地(p <0.05)。林地特征因子能解释林下植物种变化的40%,且对草本层的影响程度高于灌木层,其中郁闭度是最主要的影响因素。在马尾松林分改造初期,林下植物群落稳定性Ⅴ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ,林下灌木层稳定性与物种多样性的相关程度较低,而草本层稳定性与物种多样性呈显著负相关(p <0.05)。[结论]千岛湖区马尾松林阔叶化改造初期,主要通过降低郁闭度显著提高了林下草本层多样性,但皆伐措施的林下植物群落稳定性较低。因此,综合考虑植物多样性和稳定性维持,对马尾松林采取适当间伐等抚育措施能促进其林下植被的发展。[Objective]Transforming Pinus massoniana coniferous forest into broadleaved forest is benefi-cial to improving the structure and function of forest ecosystem and has significant influence on the regen-eration and succession of understory vegetation.The analysis of the diversity and community stability of understory vegetation after forest transformation can provide reference for sustainable forest management.[Method]In this study,based on the four types of stand transformation(i.e.,I thinning and promoting re-generation,II thinning and planting broadleaf trees,III clear cutting and promoting regeneration,clear cut-ting and IV clear cutting and planting broadleaf trees)of Pinus massoniana forests in Thousand-island Lake Forest area,Chun’an county,and control treatment(V no-transformation forest),the species com-position,diversity and community stability of understory vegetation were investigated.The relationship between understory species composition and stand factors was analyzed,and the relationship between species diversity and community stability was also explored.[Result]The difference of understory domin-ant species among different stands was lower in shrub layer than in herb layer.The understory species di-versity in control group was significantly lower than that in transformed stand(P<0.05)and the species di-versity of herb layer in type IV was significantly higher than that in other types(P<0.05).The stand factors could explain about 40%of understory species variation and had higher effect on the species composition of herb layer than that of shrub layer.Among these,the canopy density was the most important factor.In the early stage of stand transformation,the understory community stability in mode V was the best,fol-lowed by I,II,III,and IV.The community stability of shrub layer had low correlation with species diversity,while the stability of herb layer was negatively correlated with species diversity(P<0.05).[Conclusion]In the early stage of broad-leaf transformation of P.massoniana forest in Thousa

关 键 词：阔叶化改造 林下植被 物种多样性 群落稳定性 马尾松次生林 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]