马尾松人工林碳储量密度控制图研建及应用研究  

Development of Stand Density Management Diagram for Carbon Storage Management for Masson Pine Plantations

作　　者：李宇昊 牛青云 孟京辉[2] LI Yu-hao;NIU Qing-yun;MENG Jing-hui(Survey&Planning Institute of State Forestry and grass Administration,Beijing 100714,China;Beijing Forestry University,Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林草局调查规划设计院,北京100714 [2]北京林业大学,国家林业和草原局森林经营工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第3期136-145,共10页Forest Research

基　　金：江西省林业局林业科技创新专项[2019]13号;国家自然科学基金(32271871)。

摘　　要：[目的]马尾松是我国重要的人工林树种,不但发挥着重要的经济效益,而且在固碳释氧,应对气候变化等生态服务方面发挥着重要的作用。开展抚育间伐,调控林分密度是人工林经营过程中的重要手段,而当前马尾松人工林抚育间伐存在“定性”不“定量”的问题,制约着经营目标的实现。本研究拟构建马尾松人工林碳储量密度控制图,实现马尾松人工林抚育间伐过程中的精准化。[方法]首先,以湖南省马尾松人工纯林为研究对象,基于森林资源连续清查(一类清查)数据,以Reineke自然稀疏模型为基础,构建湖南省马尾松基本密度控制图。其次,将碳储量等高线加入到基本密度控制图上,构建了碳储量密度控制图,增加了以碳储量调控为目标的密度调控功能。再次,基于所构建的密度控制图,以湖南慈利县为例,对马尾松人工林的林分密度合理性进行诊断,生成密度诊断图,并提出相关经营建议。[结果]湖南省慈利县(1)绝大部分马尾松人工林的密度高于合理密度区间,林木对有限的光照、温度、水分等自然资源产生强烈竞争,甚至有些林分会产生严重的自然枯死现象,亟待开展抚育间伐,降低林分密度;(2)少部分林分位于合理密度区间范围内,此时的林分能够充分利用自然资源,林木个体之间处于互相促进的状态;(3)少部分林分密度低于最优密度下限,此时的林地空间没有得到充分的利用,造成林地资源的浪费,亟待开展林下补植作业。[结论]本研究所构建的马尾松林分密度控制图,能够精准指导森林抚育,此外还能够对森林经营单位的林分密度合理性进行诊断,形成林分密度诊断图,进而为合理经营措施的制定提供依据。[Objective]Masson pine(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)is an important plantation species in China.It not only provides essential economic benefits but also plays a crucial role in ecological services such as carbon sequestration,and adaption to climate change.Thinning is a vital technique in the management of plantations.However,the current practice of thinning in Masson pine plantations suffers from a qualitative rather than quantitative issue,which restricts the plantation management.This study aims to establish a density management diagram for Masson pine plantations to guide the precise thinning process.[Method]Based on the permanent plot of pure Masson pine plantations in Hunan Province,the basic density management diagram was constructed obeying to the Reineke rule.Subsequently,carbon storage contours was further imposed on the basic stand density management diagram to produce the carbon stor-age management diagram.Finally,using the management diagram,the stand density of Masson pine plantations in Cili County in Hunan Province was evaluated.[Result]In Cili County,Hunan Province,most of the stand density of Masson pine plantations were larger than the reasonable density range.This resul-ted in intense competition among trees for limited resources such as light,temperature,and moisture,and,in some stands,even severe natural mortality occurred.Thinning is urgently required to reduce stand density.A small number of stands were within the reasonable density range.These stands fully utilized natural resources with trees mutually promoting one another.Some stands had densities below the lower limit of the optimal range,resulting in inefficient utilization of forest land space and resource wastage.Un-derstory planting is urgently needed.[Conclusion]The stand density management diagram for Masson pine trees developed in this study can accurately guide forest management practices.Furthermore,it can provide an assessment of the rationality of stand density for forest management enterprise.

关 键 词：马尾松人工林 Reineke自然稀疏 马尾松碳储量密度控制图 密度诊断图 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学]