不同间伐保留密度对杉木人工林枝条生长的影响  

Effects of Different Thinning Retention Densities on Branch Growth of Chinese Fir Plantations

作　　者：王佳琪 马东旭 蓝伟立 陈块明 林开敏[1,2] WANG Jia-qi;MA Dong-xu;LAN Wei-li;CHEN Kuai-ming;LIN Kai-min(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;China Fir Engineer Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第3期175-182,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2201302);福建农林大学林学高峰学科建设项目(72202200205)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究不同间伐后的林分保留密度对杉木人工林枝条发育的影响,为杉木无节材定向培育的间伐密度控制提供理论依据和技术支撑。[方法]以福建省沙县官庄国有林场9年生杉木人工林为研究对象,设置3种不同的林分保留密度:1 200株·hm^(-2)(间伐强度为67%, L)、1 800株·hm^(-2)(间伐强度为51%, M)和2 250株·hm^(-2)(间伐强度:27%, H),间伐后的第5年,在各样地内选取标准木进行观测,探讨不同间伐后的林分保留密度对杉木枝条发育的影响。[结果]1)枝条总量、8 m以下枝条数量、8 m以上枝条数量、死枝数量、活枝数量均表现为:L>M>H,枯枝率表现为H>M>L;2)基径随间伐后的林分保留密度的减小而增大,表现为L>M>H,且L与H之间存在显著性差异(p<0.05),同时L的枝长大于M和H,说明低的林分保留密度更有利于枝条生长;3)活枝枝条基径和枝长呈明显的线性相关,死枝枝条基径和枝长线性相关性较小。4)死枝的基径、枝长、数量与活枝数量随树干垂直高度的增大而增大,活枝的基径与枝长随垂直高度的增大而减小,H、M的分枝角随垂直高度的增加而减小。5)死枝与活枝的基径、枝长与分枝角在南部区域(90°~225°)整体大于北部区域,但枝条数量在东部区域(0°~180°)大于西部区域。[结论]要根据不同的培育目的调整杉木间伐后的林分保留密度,高的林分保留密度会抑制枝条基径和数量的生长,从而减少节子的大小和数量,提高木材质量。在杉木幼龄期时可以对林木进行修枝,以减少宿存枝条,达到提高木材质量、培育无节材的目的,综合本研究的3种间伐保留密度,其中1 800株·hm^(-2)的林分保留密度更适宜培育无节大径材。[Objective]To study the effects of different thinning retention densities on the branch growth of Chinese fir plantations,and to provide scientific theoretical basis and technical support for directed cultiva-tion of Chinese fir knotless-wood.[Method]Based on the 9-year-old Chinese fir plantations in Guan-zhuang state-owned forest farm,Shaxian County,Fujian province,three kinds of thinning retention densit-ies(1200 trees·hm^(-2)(thinning intensity:67%,L),1800 trees·hm^(-2)(thinning intensity:51%,M)and 2250 trees·hm^(-2)(thinning intensity:27%,H)were set up.In the fifth year after thinning,standard trees were se-lected in different plots to study the effect of thinning treatments on the branch growth of Chinese fir.[Res-ult]1)The total number of branches,the number of branches below 8 m,the number of branches above 8 m,the number of dead branches,the number of living branches all under L treatment were the largest,fol-lowed by treatment M and H,and the percentage of dead branches under treatment H were the largest,followed by treatment M and L.2)The basal diameter increased with the decrease of thinning intensity which showed L>m>H,and there was significant difference between L and H(p<0.05),which indic-ated that the lower retention density was more conducive to the branch growth.3)There was a significant linear correlation between the basal diameter and the length of the living branch,while correlation between the basal diameter and the length of the dead branch was small.4)The basal diameter,branch length,the number of dead branches and the number of living branches increased with the increase of vertical height,while the basal diameter and the length of living branches and the branching angle of H and M decreased with the increase of vertical height of the trunk.5)The basal diameter,branch length and branching angle of dead and living branches were larger in the southern region(90~225°)than in the northern region,but the number of branches was larger in the eastern region(0~180°)than in the western region.

关 键 词：杉木 间伐保留密度 枝条发育 无节材 

分 类 号：S753[农业科学—森林经理学]