历史场景中的武昌隋唐墓——论魏晋南北朝长江中游考古学文化的发展  

The Sui and Tang Dynasties Tombs of Wuchang in Historical Scenes—the Development of Archaeological Culture in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River During the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties

作　　者：方笑天 Fang Xiaotian

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国考古学研究中心 [2]北京大学考古文博学院

出　　处：《南方文物》2024年第2期198-209,共12页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“考古学视野下的汉晋北部边疆治理进程研究”(22YJCZH029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：位于南北东西交通汇融之地的长江中游,在汉唐历史上扮演着重要角色,其在魏晋南北朝时期的发展,是武昌隋唐墓产生的重要历史场景。汉末至西晋时期,长江中游的考古学文化取得长足发展,表现出复杂多样的特征,与这里沟通南北的地理位置,以及在中原北方战乱时接受移民的情况息息相关。南朝时期,长江中游墓葬的面貌与下游差距加大,表现出具有特色的青瓷、画像砖、陶俑传统。武昌隋唐墓接续这一发展脉络,在本地传统以及外来影响下,形成如今所见的丰富面貌。武昌隋唐墓引导我们重新审视汉唐之间长江中游的地位问题,在中原纷乱之时,这里在一定程度上实现了中国历史上南北经济重心大转移中的次区域转移,即从黄河中游的经济重心转向长江中游的经济重心。The middle reaches of the Yangtze River,located at the confluence of north-south and east-west traffic,played an important role in the history during the Han and Tang dynasties,and its development during the 3rd6th centuries is an important historical landscape in the creation of the Wuchang Sui and Tang tombs.From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty,the archaeological culture of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River made great progress and showed complex and diverse characteristics,which were closely related to the geographical position of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River that bridged the North and South,and its acceptance of immigrants during the wars in the northern part of the Central Plains.During the Southern Dynasties,the gap between the appearance of tombs in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and those in the lower reaches widened,showing a characteristic tradition of celadon,painted bricks and terracotta figurines.The Wuchang Sui-Tang tombs continue this line of development,richly shaped by local traditions as well as other regional influences.The Wuchang Tomb leads us to revisit the question of the status of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River between the Han and Tang dynasties,which,in the midst of the turmoil of the Central Plains,achieved to some extent a sub-regional shift in the historical shift of China's north-south economic center of gravity from that of the middle reaches of the Yellow River to that of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

关 键 词：长江中游 魏晋南北朝 考古学文化发展 经济重心转移 

分 类 号：K235[历史地理—历史学] K872[历史地理—中国史] K878.8