基于流固耦合的牵引电机流动特性分析  

Analysis of Traction Motor Flow Characteristics based on Fluid-Structure Interaction

作　　者：于磊磊 陈永艳[1,2,3] 宋力 董志明[4] 郭海全 魏晓钢 YU Leli;CHEN Yongyan;SONG Li;DONG Zhiming;UO Haiquan;WEI Xiaogang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;Key Laboratory of Wind Energy and Solar Energy Utilization Technology,Ministry of Education(Inner Mongolia University of Technology),Hohhot 010051,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Hohhot 010051,China;Inner Mongolia North Heavy Truck Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014060,China;CNO0C New Energy Erenhot Wind Power Co.,Ltd.,Erenhot 011100,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [2]风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室(内蒙古工业大学),呼和浩特010051 [3]内蒙古自治区可再生能源重点实验室,呼和浩特010051 [4]内蒙古北方重型汽车有限公司,内蒙古包头014060 [5]中海油新能源二连浩特风电有限公司,内蒙古二连浩特011100

出　　处：《大电机技术》2024年第3期8-15,共8页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0228);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0017)。

摘　　要：为了研究电机轴向通风冷却系统的电动机内部情况,本文以某大型矿用电动车轮牵引电机为例,对其轴向通风冷却与传热进行了研究。基于流体力学以及传热学理论,结合电机轴向通风性能以及结构特点,建立了电机三维流动与传热耦合求解的有限元模型,并给出基本假设与相应的边界条件。通过计算电机内部的电磁场和温度场,采用有限体积法对三维流体场和温度场控制方程进行耦合,避免了利用经验公式计算模型间的换热系数带来的误差,能够获得更加精确的温升及冷却结果。在此基础上,通过对电机进行流固耦合计算,研究流量分配对通风冷却效果的影响,进而在原有模型上分析不同流量、不同定子流道、不同流道宽度对电机温度场及流阻的影响,并提供优化流道从而有效降低电机最热温度区域。通过对实际运行车辆电机温度场及冷却阻力监控验证了仿真计算的准确性。通过流固耦合分析方法将有助于电机的散热优化设计,为更大功率的电机综合物理场的准确计算提供了理论依据。In order to study the internal condition of the motor axial ventilation cooling system,a large mine electric wheel traction motor is taken as an example to study the axial ventilation cooling and heat transfer in this paper.On the basis of hydromechanics and heat transfer theory,combined with the axial ventilation performance and structural characteristics of the motor,the finite element model of three-dimensional flow and heat transfer coupling solution of the motor is established.The basic assumptions and corresponding boundary conditions are given.By calculating the electromagnetic field and temperature field inside the motor,the finite volume method is used to couple the governing equations of three-dimensional fluid field and temperature field,and it is not necessary to assume the boundary conditions of heat transfer coefficient between models,so more accurate temperature rise and cooling results can be obtained.On this basis,through the fluid-solid coupling calculation of the motor,the influence of flow distribution on ventilation and cooling effect is studied,and then the influence of different flow rates,stator flow channels and flow channel widths on the temperature field and flow resistance of the motor is analyzed on the original model,and the optimized flow channel is provided to effectively reduce the hottest temperature area of the motor.The accuracy of simulation calculation is verified by monitoring the temperature field and cooling resistance of the motor in real operation.The fluid-solid interaction analysis method is helpful to the optimal design of the heat dissipation of the motor and provides a theoretical basis for the accurate calculation of the comprehensive physical field of the motor with higher power.

关 键 词：牵引电机 空冷系统 流体场 流-热耦合 

分 类 号：TM301.4[电气工程—电机]