巨型机组下导轴承安装偏差对油膜特性的影响  

Influence of Installation Deviation of the Generator Lower Guide Bearing on Oil Film Flow Characteristics of Hydropower Unit

作　　者：陈浩 施艺舒 王东 黄星星 杨年浩 王正伟[2] CHEN Hao;SHI Yishu;WANG Dong;HUANG Xingxing;YANG Nianhao;WANG Zhengwei(China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation,Chengdu 610041,China;Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;S.C.I.Energy GmbH,Zurich 8706,Switzerland)

机构地区：[1]中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司,成都610041 [2]清华大学能源与动力工程系,北京100084 [3]瑞华智慧能源有限公司,瑞士苏黎世8706

出　　处：《大电机技术》2024年第3期36-44,共9页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司“巨型水轮发电机组安装偏差引起的轴系动力性能变化机理及工程应用研究”(JGJD0322003)。

摘　　要：水电机组在“碳达峰、碳中和”中发挥着非常重要的作用。下导轴承是水电机组轴系的重要组件,用于径向支撑和约束主轴,在水轮发电机运行过程中发挥重要作用。本文建立了考虑喷淋系统的下导轴承整体三维模型,对其油膜润滑性能以及安装偏差对轴承负荷的影响开展研究。分析发现,喷淋系统减少了油箱内的油搅,但瓦块间的润滑油流动是混乱的,损失主要是由瓦块之间的混乱流动所造成。对瓦块均沿径向偏移的偏差模型,随着瓦块沿径向向内偏移,其油膜压力与温度均逐渐升高;对瓦块均向一侧偏移的偏差模型,随着瓦块均向x轴正向偏移,压力与温度呈不对称分布,瓦面的最大压力与最高温度随偏差的增加而增加,不平衡径向力随偏差的增加而增加。因此,在下导轴承的安装过程中,必须注意瓦块均布圆周与主轴的同轴度。本研究对提高水轮发电机运行质量、降低运行成本和提高水电站效益具有重要意义,为保障百万千瓦水电机组的稳定安全运行提供参考依据。Hydroelectric units play a crucial role in achieving Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals.The lower guide bearing is an important component of the hydroelectric unit's shaft system,supporting and restraining the main shaft,and playing a significant role during the operation of the generator.In this study,a three-dimensional model of the lower guide bearing considering the spray system is established,and the influence of oil film lubrication performance and installation deviation on bearing load is studied.It is found that although the spray system reduces oil agitation in the tank,the lubricating oil flow between the bearing pads is chaotic.The main losses are caused by the disorderly flow between the pads.For the deviation model of the pads offset radially,the oil film pressure and temperature increase as the pads move inward radially.For the deviation model of the pads offset to one side,the pressure and temperature have an asymmetrical distribution as the pads move in the positive x-axis direction,and the maximum pressure and highest temperature on the pad surface increase with the deviation,as well as the unbalanced radial force.Therefore,during the installation process of the lower guide bearing,attention should be paid to the concentricity between the pad distribution circle and the main shaft.This research is of great significance for improving the operational quality of hydro-turbines,reducing operation costs and enhancing the efficiency of hydroelectric power stations,ensuring the stable and safe operation of millions of hydroelectric units.

关 键 词：百万千瓦水电机组 混流式水轮机 下导轴承 安装偏差 油膜润滑特性 CFD 

分 类 号：TM312[电气工程—电机]