新发展理念下的云南高原泥石流防治新方法  

NEW METHODS FOR PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING DEBRIS FLOW IN YUNNAN PLATEAU UNDER THE NEW DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT

作　　者：蒋学广 JIANG Xue-guang(Yunnan Geological Engineering Second Survey Institute Co.,LTD.,Kunming 650218,China)

机构地区：[1]云南地质工程第二勘察院有限公司,昆明650218

出　　处：《地质灾害与环境保护》2024年第2期19-26,共8页Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation

摘　　要：过去十几年的泥石流防治主要是解决保护人民生命财产的问题,防治措施基本是拦挡和排导结合,而且是能排则排,忽视了资源利用和环境保护。随着新发展理念深入人心,这种单一的防治方法显然不符合新时代要求。通过总结云南地质灾害防治历程、存在不足和面临的问题,根据泥石流的形成条件和危害特征提出了新发展理念下基于资源利用与环境保护的泥石流防治对策与新方法。基本对策是实施全域灾害链的系统防治,提高防治目标,减轻水土流失,减少固体物源启动和运移,兼顾砂石资源利用和土地资源开发利用,减轻河湖淤积,避免形成新的环境问题。防治方法从4个方面入手,一是实施水土保持工程和专项实体工程减缓泥石流松散物质的积蓄速度;二是稳拦泥石流固体物质,控制大滑坡活动,变“固床、拦挡、疏排”为“稳源、拦挡、固床、护岸、拦淤、清淤、排导”;三是结合砂石料的开发利用,设置相应的工程措施;四是结合生态修复及土地开发利用,设置相应的防治工程。In the past ten years, the prevention and control of debris flow is mainly to solve the problem of protecting people's lives and property. The basic prevention and control measures are the combination of blocking and drainage, and can be discharged, ignoring the use of resources and environmental protection. As the new concept of development takes hold, it is clear that this single approach does not meet the requirements of the new era. In this paper, by summarizing the history, shortcomings and problems of geological disaster prevention and control in Yunnan Province, according to the formation conditions and hazard characteristics of debris flow, the countermeasures and new methods of debris flow prevention and control based on resource utilization and environmental protection under the new development concept are put forward. The basic countermeasures are to implement the systematic prevention and control of the whole disaster chain, improve the prevention and control objectives, reduce water and soil loss, reduce the start and migration of solid matter sources, give consideration to the utilization of sand and stone resources and the development and utilization of land resources, reduce the siltation of rivers and lakes, and avoid the formation of new environmental problems. Prevention and control methods from four aspects, first, the implementation of soil and water conservation projects and special solid projects to slow down the accumulation of debris flow loose material;The second is to stabilize debris flow solid material, control large landslide activities, change “solid bed, blocking, drainage” to “stable source, blocking, fixing, bank protection, silting, dredging, drainage”;Third, set up the corresponding engineering measures in combination with the development and utilization of sand and stone materials;The fourth is to combine ecological restoration and land development and utilization, set up corresponding prevention and control projects.

关 键 词：新发展理念 泥石流防治 资源开发利用 环境保护 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学] P694[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] X37[天文地球—地质学]