矿山固体废物土壤化改良试验研究  

Experimental study on soil modification of solid waste from mines

作　　者：张大勇 杨小牛 刘立波 白杨 李朝阳 Zhang Dayong;Yang Xiaoniu;Liu Libo;Bai Yang;Li Chaoyang(Changchun Gold Research Institute Co.,Ltd.;Inner Mongolia Pacific Mining Co.,Ltd.;Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter LLC.)

机构地区：[1]长春黄金研究院有限公司 [2]内蒙古太平矿业有限公司 [3]河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司

出　　处：《黄金》2024年第6期91-95,108,共6页Gold

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1902001)。

摘　　要：为解决西北干旱草原地区黄金矿山生态修复客土资源短缺的难题,选用以玉米秸秆、牛羊粪便、生物菌剂等为原料制备的理化性质改良材料对某黄金矿山排土场废石进行土壤化改良试验研究,用以代替表土资源进行生态修复。通过分析不同改良配比废石粉的理化性质指标变化和植物生长指标,验证了黄金矿山固体废物土壤化改良的可行性。结果表明:(1)添加理化性质改良材料对废石粉进行土壤化改良,既可有效将废石粉碱性基质调节至中性,又可降低废石粉密度至满足常规土壤要求,还可以有效提高废石粉持水保水能力。(2)理化性质改良材料可以有效增加废石粉中植物生长所需营养物质,使土壤化改良后的废石粉满足植被生长所需要的基本条件。(3)综合黑麦草的植株发芽率、植株高度、植株根茎长和植株生长量等指标,确定理化性质改良材料添加量15%较为适宜废石粉的土壤化改良。To solve the problem of guest soil resources for ecological restoration of a gold mine in the arid grassland region of Northwest,a study was conducted on using physicochemical modified materials prepared from raw materials such as corn straw,cow and sheep manure,and biological agents to improve the soil of the dump waste rock in the gold mine,replacing the surface soil resources for ecological restoration.By analyzing the changes in physicochemical properties and plant growth indicators of waste rock powder with different modification ratios,the feasibility of soil modification of solid waste of a gold mine was verified.The results showed that:①adding physicochemical modified materials to improve the waste rock powder can effectively adjust the alkaline properties of the waste rock powder to neutral,reduce the density of the waste rock powder to meet conventional soil requirements,and effectively improve the water retention capacity of the waste rock powder;②physicochemical modified materials can effectively increase the nutrients needed for plant growth in the waste rock powder,making the waste rock powder after soil modification meet the basic conditions for vegetation growth;③combining indicators such as germination rate,plant height,root and stem length,and plant growth of ryegrass,it was determined that the addition of 15%of physicochemical modified materials is suitable for soil modification of waste rock powder.

关 键 词：固体废物 理化性质改良材料 废石粉 生态修复 土壤化改良 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采]