金融业“营改增”对银行稳定性的影响  

Impact of Replacing Business Tax with VAT in the Financial Industry on Banking Stability

作　　者：王伟 王芝丹 舒童 WANG Wei;WANG Zhi-dan;SHU Tong(School of Finance,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学金融学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《税务与经济》2024年第3期32-41,共10页Taxation and Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BJY051);重庆市教委人文社会科学项目(22SKGH206)。

摘　　要：金融业“营改增”作为一项结构性减税政策,能否提升银行稳定性是当前亟待研究的问题。基于2009~2021年133家银行微观数据与金融业“营改增”政策的匹配,运用双固定效应模型检验“营改增”实施与银行稳定性的关系。结果发现:金融业“营改增”的实施显著提升了银行稳定性;对于行长任期短的银行,在东部地区、非高风险银行集聚区、税收负担较低、地方金融监管投入较高、第三产业占比较高区域的银行,“营改增”的“稳银行”效应更为突出。“营改增”主要通过降低银行综合税负、优化业务结构和促进数字化转型三个渠道来提升银行稳定性。As a structural tax reduction policy,whether the financial industry's replacing business tax with VAT policy can improve the stability of banking still lacks attention.Based on the data from 133 banks from 2009 to2021,a double fixed effects model is used to test the relationship between the implementation of replacing business tax with VAT and banking stability.The results show that the financial industry's replacing business tax with VAT significantly promoted the stability of banking.The banking stability effect of replacing business tax with VAT is more prominent for those banks with short-term presidents,located in the eastern regions,regions with low tax burden and high investment in local financial supervision,and regions with a high proportion of tertiary sector of the economy.The reform of replacing business tax with VAT mainly improves the stability of banking through three channels:reducing the comprehensive tax burden of banks,optimizing business structure and promoting digital transformation.

关 键 词：银行稳定性 金融业“营改增” 结构性减税 

分 类 号：F810.42[经济管理—财政学]