1961-2020年新疆棉花苗期低温冷害时空变化特征研究  

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of Low Temperature Chilling Injury during Cotton Seedling Stage in Xinjiang from 1961 to 2020

作　　者：赵金媛 胡琦[1] 周建朔 姜婧妍 张丽娜 王雪姣 张山清 王森 潘学标[1] ZHAO Jinyuan;HU Qi;ZHOU Jianshuo;JIANG Jingyan;ZHANG Lina;WANG Xuejiao;ZHANG Shanqing;WANG Sen;PAN Xuebiao(College of Resources and Environment Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Dalian Pulandian District Meteorological Observatory,Dalian 116200,China;Xinjiang Agro-Meteorological Observatory/Information Centre of Xinjiang Xingnong-Net,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]大连市普兰店区气象台,辽宁大连116200 [3]新疆农业气象台/新疆兴农网信息中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2024年第3期165-173,共9页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2022B02001-1);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01B06)。

摘　　要：基于新疆棉花种植区101个气象站点1961-2020年逐日地面气象观测资料、历史灾情资料、作物生产资料,筛选和验证了新疆地区棉花苗期低温冷害指标,采用线性趋势分析、空间插值分析和M-K趋势分析等方法,从年代尺度、年际尺度和候尺度系统分析了新疆棉花苗期低温冷害发生频率和强度的时空分布和变化特征,主要研究结果如下:新疆棉花苗期冷害以轻度为主,中度次之,各等级冷害发生频率呈北高南低的空间分布特征。南北疆冷害站次比和发生频率随候序推移呈逐渐减小的趋势,北疆和南疆分别在4月6候和4月4候冷害发生频率较大。近60年新疆棉花苗期低温冷害发生天数、强度和站次比均呈减小趋势,20世纪80年代冷害最严重,与1961-1990年相比,1991-2020年逐候的冷害站次比均减少。This study was based on daily ground meteorological observation data,historical disaster situation data,and crop production data from 101 meteorological stations in Xinjiang cotton planting areas from 1961 to 2020.The indicators of low temperature and cold damage during cotton seedling stage in Xinjiang region were screened and validated.Linear trend analysis,spatial interpolation analysis,and M-K trend analysis were used to analyze the trends at a chronological scale.The spatiotemporal distribution and variation characteristics of the frequency and intensity of low temperature chilling injury during cotton seedling stage in Xinjiang were analyzed on an interannual and phenological scale system.The main research results were as follows:the chilling injury during cotton seedling stage in Xinjiang was mainly mild,followed by moderate,and the frequency of chilling injury at each level showed a spatial distribution pattern of high in the north and low in the south.The frequency and frequency of cold damage in northern and southern Xinjiang showed a gradually decreasing trend with the passage of phenology.The frequency of cold damage in northern and southern Xinjiang was higher in April 6th and April 4th,respectively.In the past 60 years,the occurrence days,intensity,and station frequency of low temperature cold damage in cotton seedlings in Xinjiang had shown a decreasing trend.In the 1980s,cold damage was the most severe,and compared to the frequercy over the period from 1961 to 1990,the station frequency of cold damage in the period from 1991 to 2020 had decreased.

关 键 词：棉花 低温冷害 时空特征 新疆 

分 类 号：S166[农业科学—农业气象学]