数字媒介时代我国回应权制度的构建与完善  

Construction and Improvement of Right to Rely in China under Digital Media Era

作　　者：谢宜璋 张弛 Xie Yizhang;Zhang Chi(Intellectual Property School,East China University of Political Science and Law)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学知识产权学院,上海200050

出　　处：《新闻界》2024年第5期68-77,共10页Journalism and Mass Communication

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“数字网络空间的知识产权治理体系研究”(19ZDA164)。

摘　　要：数字技术的更迭对媒体形态的影响内嵌着对公民人格权益的新威胁。作为公众应对侵权报道以自我维权的必要法治配套措施,各国回应权制度紧随媒介形态的变革而呈现出扩张的趋势。相比之下,我国回应权制度仍停留在纸媒时代且近乎被虚置为“僵尸条款”,从而导致被报道者法律自救措施的缺位。数字媒介时代下,有必要对我国回应权制度进行完善以发挥其制度功能。我国《民法典》对人格权采取独立成编的立法模式为回应权的引入提供了解释空间,依据回应权的权利特性与功能价值,更适宜将回应权定位为《民法典》中的人格权请求权而非侵权请求权,以《民法典》第1028条与第995条为制度依据,并在此定位基础上对回应权的权利主体、回应对象、行权期限、行权效果及救济途径作进一步安排。The development of digital media technology has brought new threats to the rights and interests of citizens. As a necessary legal supporting measure for the public to defend their rights in response to reports of infringement, from the perspective of comparative law, the right to reply shows an expanding trend following the change of media form. In contrast, the right to reply in China stays in the era of paper media and is almost virtual as a “zombie clause”, resulting in the absence of legal self-rescue measures for the people reported. In the age of digital media, it is necessary to improve the right to reply in our country so as to exert its institutional functions. China's Civil Code offers an opportunity to introduce the right to reply. According to the right characteristics and functional value of the right to reply, it is more appropriate to position it as the right of personality claim rather than the right of tort claim in the Civil Code, with Articles 1028 and 995 of the Civil Code as the institutional basis. On this basis, we should make a more detailed arrangement of the right structure of the right to reply.

关 键 词：数字媒介 回应权 新闻自由 民法典 人格权请求权 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]