基于实验的碳酸盐岩气藏储量计算——以X气藏为例  

Experiment-based reserve calculation for carbonate gas reservoirs:Taking X gas reservoir as an example

作　　者：杨学峰[1] 闫伟林[1] 周聪[1] 殷树军[1] YANG Xuefeng;YAN Weiin;ZHOU Cong;YIN Shujun(Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163712,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《天然气勘探与开发》2024年第3期12-22,共11页Natural Gas Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大项目(编号:2023ZZ16)。

摘　　要：四川盆地X气藏为碳酸盐岩储层,储层层间及层内都具有较强的非均质性,是气藏储量计算面临的困难之一。针对此问题,本文采用实验方法支撑储量计算,首先通过实验测量得到气藏各小层岩心的孔隙度、渗透率等基础物性参数,将小层渗透率校正为克氏渗透率,并根据物性差异将储层分类为孔隙型储层、孔隙-孔洞型储层,再通过产能模拟实验计算得到气藏工业产能对应的有效储层孔隙度和渗透率等储层物性下限。继而通过液膜厚度实验测得各目标储层的液膜厚度,并结合压汞实验测得的孔径分布曲线,得到有效储层中含烃孔隙体积比例,最后通过地质储量计算公式得到气藏储量。研究结果表明:①利用基础物性测试实验、产能模拟实验、水膜厚度实验等实验方法,确定储层物性下限以及有效孔隙体积比例,为气藏储量计算奠定基础,X气藏有效储层孔隙度下限为1.21%~1.56%;②气藏有效储层中含烃孔隙体积比例范围在42.62%~67.73%,通过地质储量计算公式可得到该气藏的有效储量;③该方法对于非均质性较强的碳酸盐岩储层气藏的储量确定具有理论意义和现场指导意义。The X gas reservoir in the Sichuan Basin is a carbonate reservoir with strong heterogeneity between and within layers,which is one of the challenges in gas reserve calculation.This paper adopts experiments to support the reserve calculation.Firstly,the basic physical properties(e.g.porosity and permeability)of cores from each layer are measured experimentally.The measured permeability is calibrated to the Klinkenberg permeability.The reservoir is classified into porous and porous-vuggy types according to the physical properties.Then,the lower limits of physical properties of effective reservoir corresponding to the industrial productivity are determined through productivity simulation experiment.Next,the liquid membrane thickness of each target layer is measured by liquid membrane thickness experiment,and combined with the pore size distribution curve measured in mercury injection test,the proportion of hydrocarbon pore volume(HCPV)of effective reservoir is obtained.Finally,the gas reserves are calculated from the gas in place(GIP)formula.The results are shown as follows:(i)The lower limits of physical properties and the proportion of HCPV are determined by the experiments of basic physical property testing,productivity simulation,and liquid membrane thickness,laying a foundation for the gas reserve calculation.The lower limit of porosity in the X gas reservoir is determined to be 1.21%~1.56%.(ii)The proportion of HCPV ranges from 42.62% to 67.73%,and the effective reserves of the reservoir can be calculated by the GIP formula.(iii)The proposed method is theoretically and practically significant for reserve determination of carbonate gas reservoirs with strong heterogeneity.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩 强非均质性 产能模拟实验 液膜厚度实验 孔隙度下限 渗透率下限 有效储层 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]