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作 者:徐乐意 易浩 张振波 刘杰 郭佳 XU Leyi;YI Hao;ZHANG Zhenbo;LIU Jie;GUO Jia(Nanhai East Petroleum Research Institute of CNOOC China Ltd.-Shenzhen,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China)
机构地区:[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司南海东部石油研究院,广东深圳518000
出 处:《石油地球物理勘探》2024年第3期473-483,共11页Oil Geophysical Prospecting
基 金:中国海洋石油集团有限公司“十四五”重大科技项目“海上深层/超深层油气勘探技术”(KJGG2022-0403)资助。
摘 要:随着海洋油气勘探程度的深入,勘探目的层逐渐向深部目标拓展。改善中深层及复杂构造带地震成像,提高中深层地震数据信噪比及分辨率已成为现阶段的迫切需要。受海面虚反射(鬼波)影响而存在陷波,常规海上拖缆(平缆)获得的地震记录频带变窄、分辨率降低。利用鬼波陷频点随电缆深度变化的特征,斜缆采集可压制鬼波拓宽低频。斜缆高频数据衰减严重,不利于构造内幕细节的刻画。由于两种不同采集方式数据在相位、频率和能量上存在差异,常规融合处理流程得到的地震数据在中深层同相轴连续性差,甚至出现假断层现象。为了充分融合斜缆低频和平缆高频数据优势,得到更高保真及高信噪比成像结果,笔者提出一种分阶段多维度斜、平缆匹配融合处理方法,通过RMS振幅、相位、频率等多角度分析,建立多维度匹配因子,解决常规融合处理存在同相轴连续性差的难题。最终融合结果兼具两者优势,提高了中深层成像精度,可以广泛应用于海洋勘探开发地震资料处理。With the advancement of offshore oil and gas exploration,the exploration target strata has gradually expanded to the deeper part in recent years.It has become an urgent need for seismic technology in oil and gas ex-ploration and development at this stage to improve the seismic imaging about signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of deep layers and complex structural zones.The conventional offshore streamer(flat cable)data is affected by the sea surface virtual reflection(ghost wave),which narrows the frequency of seismic records and reduces the resolution of seismic data.Inclined cable acquisition uses the variation characteristics of ghost wave notch fre-quency points with cable depth to better suppress ghost waves and broaden low frequency through deconvolu-tion operator,but the attenuation of medium and deep seismic high frequency data is serious,which is not con-ducive to the description of structural details.Due to the differences in phase,frequency and energy between the two different acquisition methods,the seismic data obtained by the conventional fusion process has poor continuity of in-phase axes in the middle and deep layers,and even false faults.In order to obtained more fidelity and high signal-to-noise ratio imaging results,we need to integrate the advantages of inclined cable low-frequency and flat cable high-frequency data,In this study,the author proposes a phased multi-dimensional indined and flat cable matching and fusion processing method,which establishes multi-dimensional matching factors through multi-angle analyses such as RMS amplitude,phase,frequency,etc.,to solve the problem of poor continuity of the seismic event in conventional fusion processing.The final fusion result has both advantages,greatly improves the imaging accuracy of medium and deep layers,and can be widely used in seismic data processing of marine exploration and development.
分 类 号:P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]
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