变外形滑翔制导炮弹的气动外形多目标优化  

Multi-objective Optimization on Aerodynamic Shapeof Morphing Gliding Guided Projectiles

作　　者：刘天翔 史金光[1] 赵新新 任华杰 LIU Tianxiang;SHI Jinguang;ZHAO Xinxin;REN Huajie(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;The Third Military Representative Office of Shenyang Naval Equipment Bureau in Shenyang,Shenyang 110066,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]海装沈阳局驻沈阳地区第三军事代表室,辽宁沈阳110066

出　　处：《弹道学报》2024年第2期29-36,共8页Journal of Ballistics

摘　　要：为提高滑翔制导炮弹在爬升段和滑翔段的气动弹道性能,实现大幅度增程的目的,基于尾翼变后掠变展长的形式对常规固定外形的滑翔制导炮弹进行变外形设计。采用Missile Datcom作为气动计算工具,以尾翼展长和后掠角作为变形参数,并调整舵翼的外形参数,基于NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法对滑翔制导炮弹的爬升段(优化目标为弹丸的零升阻力系数和静稳定储备量)和滑翔段(优化目标为弹丸的升阻比和操纵比)分别进行了变外形多目标优化设计,最终获得各飞行段的最优外形方案。数值仿真结果表明:优化后的变外形方案可明显改善该滑翔制导炮弹各飞行段的气动弹道性能。在本文设定的飞行条件下,爬升段阻力系数降低了13.3%,滑翔段升阻比增大了36.1%,弹丸在整个飞行过程中稳定性适当,且稳定性和操纵性、舵偏角与平衡攻角匹配较好;相较于基准固定外形方案,滑翔控制条件下采用变外形方案的滑翔制导炮弹射程增加了8.4%,增程效果显著。本文工作为滑翔制导炮弹的变外形方案设计提供了参考。To improve the aerodynamic ballistic performance of the gliding guided projectiles in the climbing phase and gliding phase and achieve significant range increasement,the gliding guided projectile with conventional fixed shape was designed with variable shape by combining the variable sweep and variable span of tail fins.Missile Datcom was used to calculate the aerodynamic parameters.The shape parameters of canards were adjusted with the span and sweep angle of tail fins deformation.Based on the NSGA-Ⅱmulti-objective optimization algorithm,the multi-objective optimization design of variable shape for the climbing phase and the gliding phase of the gliding guided shell was carried out.Then,the optimal shape schemes for each flight phase were finally obtained.In the climbing phase,the optimization objectives are the zero-lift drag coefficient and static stability margin of the projectile.While in the gliding phase,the optimization objectives are the lift-to-drag ratio and the maneuvering ratio of the projectile.The numerical simulation results show that the optimized variable shape scheme can significantly improve the aerodynamic and ballistic performances of the gliding guided projectile in each flight phase.The drag coefficient in the climbing phase is reduced by 13.3%,the lift-to-drag ratio in the gliding phase is increased by 36.1%.The optimized gliding guided projectile is table during the entire flight process,with good matching of stability,maneuverability,rudder deflection angle,and equilibrium angle of attack.Compared with the baseline fixed shape scheme,the range of the gliding guided shell with variable shape scheme under gliding control conditions is increased by 8.4%.The research provides a reference for the design of variable shape scheme of gliding guided projectile.

关 键 词：滑翔制导炮弹 变外形 变后掠 变展长 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TJ385[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]