模块装药短管炮实验及数值模拟研究  

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study of Short-barrelGun with Modular Charges

作　　者：马天一 陶如意[1] 周思渊[2] 王金龙 王浩[1] MA Tianyi;TAO Ruyi;ZHOU Siyuan;WANG Jinlong;WANG Hao(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Xi’an Modern Control Technology Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,China;Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]西安现代控制技术研究所,陕西西安710065 [3]北京航天发射技术研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《弹道学报》2024年第2期44-52,共9页Journal of Ballistics

摘　　要：大口径加榴炮主要以模块装药结构为主,炮管内部流场复杂。基于模块装药结构,对短管炮内部燃烧场分区域建立二维轴对称两相流内弹道数理模型,采用MUSCL格式对该模型进行离散求解,编制程序对短管炮膛内流场进行了数值模拟,研究两模块装药结构在燃烧过程中的膛内流场特性以及不同破膜压力对两模块装药结构膛内燃烧的影响。仿真结果表明:与实验值相比,计算获得的膛内压力全局平均误差约为7.42%,峰值误差仅0.72%,说明所建立的内弹道数学模型与编制的程序能够较好地对两模块装药火炮发射过程进行数值模拟。模块药盒对火焰波的传递有阻碍作用,在模块药盒破裂之前,火焰波与压力波主要在模块内部流动,与外界物质交换较少。模块药盒破碎后,火药颗粒才随着压力波向膛内自由空间运动,火焰波和压力波开始在膛内传递。随着模块药盒破裂压力的增大,模块装药膛内发射药燃烧越充分,压力上升时间减少。点火药燃气从传火孔处向周围区域扩散,膛内温度也从传火孔处开始升高,逐渐向四周传导,从而点燃发射药。Large-caliber howitzers are mainly equipped with modular charge structures,which result in complex flow field.Based on the modular charge structure,a two-dimensional axisymmetric two-phase flow interior ballistic mathematical model for the combustion field partitioning inside the short-barrel gun was established.The MUSCL scheme was used to solve the model.A program was developed to numerically simulate the flow field inside the cannon barrel.The study primarily focused on the combustion process within the modular charge chamber and the influence of different rupture pressures on the combustion of the modular charge structure.The results indicate that the overall average error between simulation results and experimental data is approximately 7.42%,with a peak error of 0.72%.It shows that the established mathematical model and developed program can effectively simulate the firing process of the modular charge artillery.Furthermore,it is observed that the modular charge container hinders the transmission of flame waves.Prior to the rupture of the modular charge container,the flame wave and the pressure wave mainly flow inside the module,and there is less exchange with the outside material.Until the modular cartridge is broken,the powder particles move to the free space in the chamber with the pressure wave,and the flame wave and the pressure wave begin to transmit in the chamber.Moreover,as the rupture pressure of the modular charge container increases,the combustion of the module-loaded propellant chamber becomes more complete,and the pressure rise time becomes shorter.The ignition gas from the igniter diffuses into the surrounding area through the ignition hole,causing the temperature inside the chamber to gradually increase from the ignition hole and spread to the surrounding area,thus igniting the firing propellant.

关 键 词：模块装药 短管炮 内弹道 两相流 

分 类 号：TJ012.1[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] O359[理学—流体力学]