不同土地利用类型对云南苍山东坡姬蜂科昆虫群落结构和物种多样性的影响  

Effects of different land use types on the community structure and species diversity of Ichneumonidae in the eastern slope of Cangshan Mountain,Yunnan,southwestern China

作　　者：阳霞 李金库 谭坤 李延鹏 黄志旁 Alexey RESHCHIKOV 肖文 YANG Xia;LI Jin-Ku;TAN Kun;LI Yan-Peng;HUANG Zhi-Pang;Alexey RESHCHIKOV;XIAO Wen(Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research,Dali University,Dali 671003,China;Key Laboratory of Extremely Small Populations of Wildlife in Yunnan,Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Biological Diversity in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of Yunnan Province,Dali 671003,China;Yunling Black-and-white Snub-nosed Monkey Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province,Dali 671003,China;International Centre of Biodiversity and Primates Conservation,Dali 671003,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院,大理671003 [2]西南林业大学生物多样性保护与利用学院,云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室,昆明650224 [3]云南省“中国三江并流区域生物多样性协同创新中心”,大理671003 [4]云岭滇金丝猴云南省野外科学观测研究站,大理671003 [5]国际生物多样性与灵长类保护中心,大理671003

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第5期692-699,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(31860168,31860164,31960255);云南省高层次人才计划(YNWR-QNBJ-2019-262)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解不同土地利用类型对姬蜂科(Ichneumonidae)昆虫个体数、优势类群和动态变化的影响。【方法】于2018年10月至2019年9月,在云南大理白族自治州苍山东坡海拔2300 m区域利用马来氏网法收集天然林和茶园姬蜂科昆虫,分析两种生境中姬蜂科昆虫生物量、亚科数、群落结构和亚科多样性差异。【结果】2018年10月至2019年9月从云南大理苍山东坡天然林和茶园中共收集到姬蜂科昆虫2259头,分属23个亚科,其中天然林中1551头,分属22个亚科;茶园中708头,分属21个亚科。天然林中每月姬蜂科昆虫个体数高于茶园中的,两种生境中每月姬蜂科昆虫亚科数无显著差异;天然林中姬蜂科昆虫月亚科数波动趋势分别在6月和12月呈较高的双峰型,茶园中姬蜂科昆虫月亚科数波动无峰值;两种生境中姬蜂科昆虫群落组成有显著差异,天然林中独有优势亚科为肿跗姬蜂亚科(Anomaloninae),茶园中独有优势亚科为粗角姬蜂亚科(Phygadeuoninae),两种生境中共有优势亚科为缝姬蜂亚科(Campopleginae)和拱脸姬蜂亚科(Orthocentrinae),但出现高峰不同;天然林和茶园中每月姬蜂科昆虫亚科多样性指数和丰富度无显著差异。【结论】苍山东坡低海拔区域茶园与天然林相比,姬蜂科昆虫个体总数降低,姬蜂科昆虫群落结构、优势类群和全年个体数动态发生变化。为保护好姬蜂科昆虫这类生物防治昆虫,建议保护好原始的植被和土地利用类型。【Aim】This study aims to understand the effects of different land use types on the number of individuals and dominant group of Ichneumonidae and their dynamic change.【Methods】From October 2018 to September 2019,the individuals of Ichneumonidae were collected in 2300 m area in the eastern slope of Cangshan Mountain of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan,southwestern China using Malaise trap,and the differences in the biomass,subfamily number,community structure and subfamily diversity of Ichneumonidae between the two habitats were analyzed.【Results】A total of 2259 individuals of Ichneumonidae belonging to 23 subfamilies were collected in natural forest and tea garden from the eastern slope of Cangshan Mountain,Dali,Yunnan from October 2018 to September 2019,including 1551 individuals belonging to 22 subfamilies in natural forest,and 708 individuals belonging to 21 subfamilies in tea garden.The monthly number of individuals of Ichneumonidae in natural forest was higher than that in tea garden,and there was no significant difference in the monthly number of subfamilies of Ichneumonidae between the two habitats.The fluctuation of monthly number of subfamilies of Ichneumonidae in natural forest showed two peaks in June and December,respectively,while that in tea garden showed no peak.The community composition exhibited significant difference between the two habitats.The unique dominant subfamily in natural forest was Anomaloninae and that in tea garden was Phygadeuoninae.Campopleginae and Orthocentrinae were the shared dominant subfamilies in the two habitats.There was no significant difference in the monthly subfamily diversity index and richness of Ichneumonidae between natural forest and tea garden.【Conclusion】Therefore,the total number of individuals of Ichneumonidae in tea garden in the low altitude area in Cangshan Mountain reduces,and the community structure,dominant group and annual dynamics of individual number in this habitat change as compared to those in natural forest.In order to protect

关 键 词：姬蜂科 群落结构 亚科多样性 动态监测 生境退化 苍山 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]