真菌菌丝球及其作为载体在污水处理中的研究进展  

A review on fungal mycelial pellets and its application in wastewater treatment as biological carriers

作　　者：李振 孙慧琳 杨飞越 韩郁杰 亓正良 刘新利[1,2] LI Zhen;SUN Huilin;YANG Feiyue;HAN Yujie;QI Zhengliang;LIU Xinli(School of Bioengineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China;State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)生物工程学院,山东济南250353 [2]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)生物基材料与绿色造纸国家重点实验室,山东济南250353

出　　处：《齐鲁工业大学学报》2024年第3期44-55,共12页Journal of Qilu University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31800108);山东省自然科学基金(ZR201807240019);齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)科教产融合项目(2022PY026)。

摘　　要：真菌在液体培养条件下可形成内部中空,表面致密的菌丝球,具有絮凝性能好、不易堆积、生长条件宽泛、易培养等优点。研究者已对其形成机制和培养条件开展了大量研究。近年来关注点逐渐转向其应用方面,目前真菌菌丝球已在污水处理、资源与能源回收等领域被广泛研究。主要介绍了液体培养条件下真菌菌丝球自组装机制,营养元素和培养条件对菌丝球形成的影响;概述了真菌菌丝球搭载纳米颗粒、微生物、生物炭对多种污水进行处理的研究及其在污水处理中的潜力与面临的挑战;另外,介绍了真菌菌丝球处理各类污水的案例以及与之配套使用的反应器的运行特点和应用情况。真菌菌丝球的利用应注重其多元化及协同化发展,依托其自身优势搭配其它物质发挥协同作用,推动其在污水处理和环境修复方面更有效的应用。研究结果可为真菌在污水处理中的应用提供指导和借鉴。Fungi can form mycelial pellets with hollow inside and dense surface under submerged cultivation.These mycelial pellets have advantages of good flocculation performance,uneasily settling at the reaction tank bottom,broad growth conditions,and easy cultivation.Researchers have widely studied on the formation mechanism and cultivation conditions of mycelial pellets.Recently,the focus of researchers has gradually shifted to their application.At present,mycelial pellets have been applied in the fields of wastewater treatment and recovery of resource and energy.This review mainly introduces the self-assembly mechanism and the influencing factors of nutrient and culture conditions on the formation fungal mycelial pellets under submerged cultivation.Also,the study of fungal mycelial pellets carrying nanoparticles,microorganisms,biochar to treat wastewater and the potential and challenges for these types of complexes were summarized.Furthermore,the cases of fungal mycelial pellets treating various kinds of sewage and the running characteristics and application of the matching reactors were introduced.The application of fungal mycelial pellets should focus on the diversified and collaborative development,coupling their own advantages with heterologous substances to play a synergistic role and to promote the improvement in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.This review can provide guidance and reference for the application of fungal mycelial pellets in wastewater treatment.

关 键 词：真菌菌丝球 成球机制 固定化 生物载体 污水处理 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]