机械式复合冲击器的工作特性分析  

Working Characteristics of Mechanical Composite Impactor

作　　者：孙养清 易先中[1,2] 万继方 易军 吴霁薇 刁斌斌[4] 陈志湘 Sun Yangqing;Yi Xianzhong;Wan Jifang;Yi Jun;Wu Jiwei;Diao Binbin;Chen Zhixiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangtze University;Hubei Provincial Innovation Center of Enterprise-University Alliance on Intelligent Petroleum Machinery;China Energy Digital Technology Group Co.,Ltd.;College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing);Yangzhou Huayuan Oil and Gas Technology Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]长江大学机械工程学院,湖北省荆州市434023 [2]湖北省智能油气钻采装备企校联合创新中心 [3]中能建数字科技集团有限公司 [4]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院 [5]扬州华元油气技术有限公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2024年第6期29-37,108,共10页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“地面旋转导向钻井新方法及其控制机理”(51974035,U1262108,U1762214);湖北省重点研发计划项目“智能钻井多维动力集成钻具研发及应用”(2020BAB055)。

摘　　要：常规冲击器采用的水力脉冲方法存在的冲蚀问题对冲击器的工作寿命影响较大。为此,提出一种机械举升及碟簧蓄能冲击方法并设计了一种机械式复合冲击器,通过实例模型验证了机构的可行性,在此基础上采用理论计算与数值分析相结合的方法对其压缩蓄能、扭冲、轴冲特性展开分析。研究结果表明:在10~100 MPa轴向压缩下,数量为11的碟簧组其总变形量增长率是数量为5的碟簧组变形量的约2.66倍,但其等效应力曲线特性相近;扭冲特性与径向冲击力成正比,下轴体端面总速度和总变形量与冲击力均呈线性相关,4对扭转冲击力作用的端面总速度约是2对的2.54倍;摆线轨迹线的举升座在30 r/min的运动状态下,12 mm冲程的最大冲击速度为0.2 m/s,最大冲击加速度为5.6 m/s^(2),为防止冲击过程接触应力过大需合理选择冲程大小,可通过增加扭冲对数、提高组合碟簧数量来增强冲击特性。研究结果可为复合冲击器的设计选型提供理论支撑。Conventional impactor works with hydraulic impulse,which may induce erosion to impact the working life of the impactor.To this end,a mechanical lifting and disc spring energy storage impact method was proposed and a mechanical composite impactor was designed.The mechanism was verified by an example model,and then its compression energy storage,torsional impact,and axial impact characteristics were analyzed by combining theoretical calculation and numerical analysis.The results show that,under the axial compression of 10 to 100 MPa,the growth rate of the total deformation of the disc spring group with the number of 11 is about 2.66 times of that with the number of 5,but the characteristics of their equivalent stress curves are similar.The torsional impact is proportional to the radial impact force,the total velocity and total deformation of the lower shaft end face are linearly correlated with the impact force,and the total velocity of the end face with 4 pairs of torsional impact is about 2.54 times that with 2 pairs of torsional impact.When the lifting seat with pendulum trajectory moves at 30 r/min over 12 mm stroke,the maximum impact velocity is 0.2 m/s and the maximum impact acceleration is 5.6 m/s^(2).A proper stroke should be selected to prevent a too high contract stress in the impact process.The impact characteristics can be improved by increasing the pairs of torsion impact and the number of combined disc springs.The research results provide a theoretical support for the design of composite impactor.

关 键 词：复合冲击器 机械式 轴向冲击 扭转冲击 冲程 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]