互动交际中“你猜”的功能演变分析  

An Analysis of the Functional Evolution of"Ni cai"in Interactive Communication

作　　者：姚瑞 吴春相[2] YAO Rui;WU Chunxiang(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Qufu Normal University,Qufu,273165,China;School of International Cultural Exchange,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai,200083,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学文学院,山东曲阜273165 [2]上海外国语大学国际文化交流学院,上海200083

出　　处：《大连大学学报》2024年第3期46-52,65,共8页Journal of Dalian University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“对外汉语教学语法大纲研制和教学参考语法书系(多卷本)”(17ZDA307)。

摘　　要：文章根据言者的问答形式,将“你猜”引导的疑问句分为“言者问,听者答”和“言者问,言者答”两种情况。我们在分析语料时发现“言者问,听者答”情况中的“你猜”具有猜测的功能和语义;“言者问,言者答”情况中猜测的语义和功能消失,提示功能浮现。“你猜”不再只是言者对听者的提问,而是言者提示听者注意听言者要表达的新信息。“你猜”在由“让你猜测”功能向提示功能过渡的过程中,通过语用推理机制得以浮现,演变的条件是交际双方的社会关系和言者表述中短暂停顿的需要。The article divides the interrogative sentences guided by"Ni cai"into two situations based on the speaker's question and answer format:"speaker asks,listener answers"and"speaker asks,speaker answers".When analyzing the corpus,we found that"Ni cai"in the case of"speaker asks,listener answers"has the function and semantics of guessing;in the situation where the speaker asks and the speaker answers,the guessing semantics and functions disappear,and the prompt function emerges."Ni cai"is no longer just a question from the speaker to the listener,but a reminder from the speaker to the listener to pay attention to the new information they want to express.In the process of transitioning from the"let you guess"function to the prompt function,"Ni cai"emerges through pragmatic reasoning mechanisms,and the conditions for its evolution are the social relationships between the communicative parties and the need for brief pauses in the speaker's expression.

关 键 词：“你猜” 猜测 提示 机制 动因 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]