“地步”负面立场标记的嬗变  

Evolution of Negative Stance Marker of“地步(dibu)”

作　　者：曹建清 李国宏[1] CAO Jian-qing;LI Guo-hong(School of Foreign Languages,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学外国语学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《辽东学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期64-70,共7页Journal of Liaodong University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：西华大学2023年“西华杯”大学生创新创业校级项目(xhb2023037);国家社会科学基金项目“类型学视野下的汉语主观化‘左移’现象研究”(17XYY019)。

摘　　要：受汉语双音化趋势影响,“地步”双音化后进而词汇化,最终演变为表达说话者情感和态度的负面立场标记。其主观化路径为物理距离→心理距离→程度义,这一过程伴随着言者主观性的不断强化,体现了语义演变与主观化的互动。“地步”表达“心理距离”时,其语义的主观性开始显现;表达程度义时,主观性进一步增强;最终,当“地步”作为负面立场标记使用时,主观性达到顶峰。语言内部,语素“地”的贬义色彩以及“地步”共现成分的负面义,均为“地步”负面立场标记的形成提供了有力条件。语言外部,主观化、语用推理以及语用因素的共同作用,则进一步诱发了“地步”负面立场标记的产生。Influenced by the trend of Chinese disyllabification,“地步(dibu)”is lexicalized and eventually evolves into a negative stance marker to express the speaker’s emotions and attitudes.The path of subjectification of the word is from the meaning of physical distance to that of a psychological distance and finally that of some degree.This process is accompanied by the continuous strengthening of the speaker's subjectivity,which reflects the interaction between semantic evolution and subjectification.The semantic subjectivity of“地步(dibu)”begins when it expresses a psychological distance,further enhances when it expresses some degree,and reaches its peak when it is used as a negative stance marker.Within the language,the derogatory color of the morpheme“地(di)”and the negative meaning of the co-occurrence component of“地步(dibu)”all provide conditions for the formation of the negative stance marker.Outside the language,the combined effects of subjectification,pragmatic inference and pragmatic factors induce the generation of the negative stance marker of“地步(dibu)”.

关 键 词：主观化 语用推理 语义演变 负面立场标记 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]