阔叶箬竹鞭系表型性状特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系  

Phenotypic traits of Indocalamus latifolius rhizome system and its relationship with soil physicochemical properties

作　　者：刘杨 彭超 艾文胜[2] 张平 孟勇[2] 杨明[2] 李美群[2] LIU Yang;PENG Chao;AI Wensheng;ZHANG Ping;MENG Yong;YANG Ming;LI Meiqun(Forestry Science Research Institute of Zhuzhou City,Zhuzhou 412002,Hunan,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Zhuzhou Forestry Bureau,Zhuzhou 412007,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]株洲市林业科学研究所,湖南株洲412002 [2]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]株洲市林业局,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2024年第3期93-99,共7页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目([2023]XT26号)。

摘　　要：阔叶箬竹(Indocalamus latifolius)为我国特色经济竹种,对区域竹产业发展具有重要意义。研究比较了阔叶箬竹人工林和天然林鞭系表型性状和功能鞭系生物量的垂直分布特征,在分析土壤理化性质的基础上,通过冗余分析(RDA)探讨了鞭系生物量与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明:除鞭箨生物量占比外,人工林竹鞭的鞭径、鞭长、鞭芽数、节数等指标均高于天然林的;竹鞭节间长度主要在1.5~3.0 cm波动变化,表现对土壤微环境的适应性;在垂直分布上,鞭系主要分布在10 cm表土层,占总生物量的74.33%,随深度增加而迅速减少,50 cm以下仅有极少量细鞭系分布。土壤有机质、全氮含量随土层深度增加极显著下降(P=0.000<0.01);RDA排序表明,土壤有机质、铵态氮、总氮含量和pH对鞭系生物量性状影响显著,其中前三者对总生物量有显著正向影响,pH有显著负向影响,pH较前三者对粗细鞭系生物量比影响更大,为显著负相关。阔叶箬竹栽培应以10~30 cm左右的浅栽为宜,在育苗过程中可适当增施氮肥和有机肥,以促进竹株鞭系的生长。Indocalamus latifolius is a kind of typical economic bamboo species,which plays an important role in the development of regional bamboo industry.The phenotypic traits of I.latifolius rhizome system both in artificial forest and natural forest and vertical distribution regularity of functional rhizome system biomasses were contrasted in this paper,meanwhile,the relationship between bamboo rhizome system biomass indexes and soil physicochemical properties was discussed by redundancy analysis(RDA).The results showed that the rhizome traits including diameter,length,bud number,node number,etc.in artificial forest were higher than those in natural forest except the sheath biomass proportion,and the internode length of rhizome had a tendency of fluctuation ranged from 1.5 cm to 3.0 cm,indicating the rhizome adaptability to soil microenvironment.In addition,in terms of vertical distribution,bamboo rhizome system mainly distributed in topsoil layer of 0 to 10 cm,accounting for 74.33%of the total biomass,which decreased rapidly with the increase of depth,and only a small amount of fine rhizome system were distributed in the soil layer below 50 cm.The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen decreased significantly with the increase of soil depth(P=0.000<0.01).In addition,RDA ordination showed that organic matter content,ammonia nitrogen content,total nitrogen content,and pH of soil had significant effects on the rhizome system biomass indexes,therein the first three factors had a significant positive effect on the total biomass of rhizome system,while the pH had a significant negative effect.Compared with other factors,pH had a great impact on the biomass ratio of thick and fine rhizome system,which was a significant negative correlation.A shallow plantation about 10 to 30 cm depth of I.latifolius transplantation should be conducted,nitrogen and organic fertilizer should be applied appropriately in seedling cultivation to promote the growth of rhizome system.

关 键 词：阔叶箬竹 鞭系 表型性状 垂直分布 生物量 土壤理化性质 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]