船用燃料电池供氢系统压能回收过程模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on Pressure Energy Recovery of Hydrogen Supply in Marine Fuel Cell

作　　者：苏志恒 张洪朋 封星[1] 魏一[1] 陆昊 SU Zhiheng;ZHANG Hongpeng;FENG Xing;WEI Yi;LU Hao(College of Marine Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian Liaoning 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学轮机工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第11期152-159,共8页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52271357,52271303);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3132023212)。

摘　　要：针对高压氢气减压过程中能量耗散未有效利用的问题,在Pelton式膨胀机相关设计经验的基础上,以氢燃料电池船艇“蠡湖号”供氢系统为研究对象,提出并设计一种由拉伐尔喷管和双圆弧叶片叶轮组成的冲击式氢气膨胀机对氢压能耗散进行回收。为进一步研究氢气膨胀机内部流场形态、涡流损失和能量输出性能,利用Fluent软件,在船舶全速运行工况下,以氢气进口温度与出口背压为变量进行CFD仿真模拟。结果表明:膨胀机内部整体速度与温度梯度较大,气流喷射过程中有激波产生,喷管出口上沿存在压力真空,气流撞击叶片产生大小不一的涡旋;设定氢气喷管入口压力2 MPa,质量流量1.311 g/s时,装置对外输出的平均转矩为0.136 85 N·m;随入口温度上升,气体喷射速度提高,气体上扬趋势减弱;进口气温和背压变化对转矩影响较小,对转速影响较大。For solving the problem of ineffective utilization of energy dissipation in the process of high-pressure hydrogen decompression,based on the relevant design experience of Pelton expander and the hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cell ship “Lihu”,an impingement hydrogen expander composed of Laval nozzle and double circular arc blade impeller was proposed and designed to recover hydrogen pressure energy dissipation.In order to further study the internal flow field,vortex losses and energy output performance of the hydrogen expander,the performance of hydrogen expander under the operating conditions of the ship at full speed was simulated by using Fluent software,taking hydrogen inlet temperature and outlet back pressure as variables.The results show that the overall velocity and temperature gradient of the expander are large,there is a shock wave in the process of air injection and a pressure vacuum along the exit of the nozzle.The vortexes of different sizes are produced when the air flow hits the blade.When the inlet pressure of the hydrogen nozzle is 2 MPa and the mass flow rate is 1.311 g/s,the average output torque of the device is 0.136 85 N·m.With the increase of inlet temperature,the gas injection speed increases and the gas upward trend weakens.The changes of inlet air temperature and back pressure have little influence on torque and great influence on rotational speed.

关 键 词：氢能船 压能回收 Pelton式膨胀机 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]