输油管道改输液氨的设备设施适应性分析  

Adaptive Analysis of Equipment and Facilities for Liquid Ammonia Transportation with Oil Pipelines

作　　者：聂超飞 曾培琰 刘罗茜 李康 周芮 尹鹏博 滕霖 NIE Chaofei;ZENG Peiyan;LIU Luoxi;LI Kang;ZHOU Rui;YIN Pengbo;TENG Lin(Science and Technology Research Institute,PipeChina,Langfang 065000,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]国家管网集团科学技术研究总院分公司,河北廊坊065000 [2]福州大学化工学院,福州350108

出　　处：《油气与新能源》2024年第3期36-43,共8页Petroleum and new energy

基　　金：国家管网集团公司课题“非常规介质管道输送发展及关键技术研究”(DTXNY202201);国家自然科学基金青年项目“剪切流场下纳米Fe_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2)/SDS体系天然气泡沫界面动态吸附机理与演化动力学研究”(52304066)。

摘　　要：长距离输油管道改输液氨具有非常可观的经济性。但液氨相较于传统油品,在理化性质和安全要求方面存在一定差异,因此开展输油管道改输液氨适应性分析对保障改输管道的安全稳定运行具有重要意义。分析了输油管道改输液氨设备设施的适应性问题:①在管径、管材、标准及输送工艺方面,输油管道改输液氨的适应性较好,可稍加改造用于液氨输送,但仍需注意输油管材的腐蚀风险及工艺的温度适用性问题。传统输油管道以离心泵为主,但因其固有缺陷,并不完全适用液氨输送,可对其进行改良或选用新型磁力泵、屏蔽泵;为避免改输液氨导致的汽蚀现象需采取预防措施。②油品与液氨流量计型号大致相同,但液氨受高饱和蒸气压影响,易出现气穴现象,需采用计量前适度冷却、选择合理安装位置等措施。③输油管道改输液氨可能出现阀门材质不兼容问题,需特别注意密封件的材质选择;法兰需要综合考虑改输液氨后的工艺要求、安装条件、温度压力波动及介质特性等因素,并考虑法兰的密封失效问题。长距离输油管道改输液氨技术虽具有较好的应用前景,但实际改造也存在诸多挑战,因此未来应加强相关技术创新,建立完善的改输液氨管道法规体系,以确保改输管道的安全运行。Liquid ammonia long-distance transportation with oil pipelines offers significant economy.However,there are certain differences in the physical and safety requirements between liquid ammonia and traditional petroleum products.Conducting an adaptive analysis of the equipment and facilities for converting oil pipelines to transport liquid ammonia is of vital importance to ensure safe and stable operations.The paper systematically analyzes adaptability issues of equipment and facilities for converting oil pipelines to transport liquid ammonia and the results show that:①The adaptability of oil pipelines for transporting liquid ammonia is good in terms of diameter,pipeline material,standards,and transportation process,and oil pipelines can be slightly modified for ammonia transportation,but it is still necessary to pay attention to the corrosion risk of oil pipelines and the temperature adaptability of the process.Traditional oil pipelines are primarily designed for centrifugal pumps,which are not entirely suitable for liquid ammonia transportation due to their inherent limitations,improvement or the use of new types of magnetic or shielded pumps is recommended,and certain preventive measures need implementing to prevent the cavitation caused by liquid ammonia conversion.②The flowmeter models for oil and liquid ammonia are generally similar,but liquid ammonia is susceptible to cavitation due to high saturated vapor pressure,such measures as moderate cooling before measurement and selecting appropriate installation locations should be taken.③Compatibility issues may arise with valve materials when converting oil pipelines to transport liquid ammonia,so special attention should be paid to the selection of sealing materials,the flange requirements for liquid ammonia conversion should consider such factors as process requirements,installation conditions,temperature and pressure fluctuations,and medium characteristics,and the issue of flange sealing failure should be taken into account.The paper proposes that the tec

关 键 词：液氨管道 输油管道 设备设施 适应性 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]