枯草芽孢杆菌在土壤污染修复中的应用研究  

Application of Bacillus subtilis in Soil Pollution Remediation

作　　者：周芙蓉 鲜杨 唐鹤溪 尤青 ZHOU Fu-rong;XIAN Yang;TANG He-xi(Sichuan Experimental Testing and Research Center of Natural Resources(Sichuan Nuclear Emergency Technical Support Center),Chengdu,Sichuan 610084;Evaluation and Utilization of Strategic Rare Metals and Rare Earth Resource Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan 610081)

机构地区：[1]四川省自然资源实验测试研究中心(四川省核应急技术支持中心),四川成都610084 [2]稀有稀土战略资源评价与利用四川省重点实验室,四川成都610081

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第12期22-24,27,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省地质调查研究院科研项目(SCIGS-CYBXM-2023017)。

摘　　要：枯草芽孢杆菌广泛分布于自然环境中,因其具有种类多、生长快、繁殖容易等特点,目前已在土壤污染修复中表现出广阔的应用前景。为了明确枯草芽孢杆菌对土壤修复中应用范围、效果及作用机理,通过查阅大量国内外相关文献,详细论述了枯草芽孢杆菌在土壤污染修复中的应用现状及其机理。枯草芽孢杆菌在重金属和放射性污染土壤修复方面均有应用,且在植物-微生物联合修复方面效果显著。枯草芽孢杆菌对污染土壤的修复机理主要有直接和间接两种方式,直接方式主要是通过氨基、羧基和磷酸基等官能团与重金属离子发生反应,从而形成沉淀来达到富集的作用,间接作用方式主要是通过分泌物促进植物生长、增加土壤呼吸和酶活性、降低重金属有效态含量等方式增强植物对重金属的抗性。Bacillus subtilis is widely distributed in the natural environment.Because of its variety,fast growth,easy reproduction and other characteristics,it has shown broad application prospects in soil pollution remediation.In order to clarify the application scope,effect and mechanism of Bacillus subtilis in soil remediation,the application status and mechanism of Bacillus subtilis in soil remediation were discussed in detail by referring to a large number of relevant literatures at home and abroad.The results show that Bacillus subtilis has been applied in remediation of heavy metal and radioactive contaminated soil,and the effect of plant-microorganism combined remediation is remarkable.The repair mechanism of Bacillus subtilis on contaminated soil mainly has two direct and indirect ways.The direct way is mainly through the reaction of amino,carboxyl and phosphoric acid groups with heavy metal ions,thus forming precipitation to achieve enrichment.The indirect action mode is to promote plant growth,increase soil respiration and enzyme activity,and reduce the content of available heavy metals by secretions.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 土壤污染 土壤修复 作用机理 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]